List of freshwater fish of Sri Lanka

























Sri Lanka is a tropical island situated close to the southern tip of India. It is situated in the middle of Indian Ocean. Because of being an island, Sri Lanka has many endemic freshwater fauna, including fish, crabs, molluscs, and other aquatic insects.


Freshwater fish are physiologically differ from marine and brackish water forms. The low salinity and high osmotic pressure makes them so different. Few fish can be found in all three ecological systems.


There are 92 species of freshwater fish occur in the country, where 50 of those are endemic. 41% of all known species of fish of Sri Lanka are found in freshwater. There are about 70% of endemism of those fish. Most of them are listed into IUCN categories.




Contents






  • 1 Species List


  • 2 Freshwater eels


  • 3 Carps and allies


  • 4 River loaches


  • 5 True Loaches


  • 6 Naked catfishes


  • 7 Sheat catfishes


  • 8 Airbreathing catfishes


  • 9 Airsac catfishes


  • 10 Swamp eels


  • 11 Rivulines


  • 12 Ricefish


  • 13 Cichlids


  • 14 Climbing perches


  • 15 Gourami


  • 16 Snakeheads


  • 17 Garfishes


  • 18 Sleeper gobies


  • 19 Spiny eels


  • 20 Gobies


  • 21 References





Species List


Class: Actinopterygii



Freshwater eels


Order: Anguilliformes. Family: Anguillidae


There are 19 species and 6 subspecies in this family are all in genus Anguilla. Sri Lanka is home for 2 freshwater eels.


















Name
Binomial
Status

Mottled Eel

Anguilla nebulosa


Shortfin Eel

Anguilla bicolor



Carps and allies


Order: Cypriniformes. Family: Cyprinidae
About over 320 genera, and more than 3,250 species are included in this family. 51 species found in Sri Lanka.



















































































































































































































































Common name
Binomial
Status

Attentive carplet

Amblypharyngodon melettinus


Sinhala barb

D singhala - Hiranya Sudasinghe.jpg



Dawkinsia singhala
endemic

Blotched filamentous barb

D srilankensis - Hiranya Sudasinghe.jpg



Dawkinsia srilankensis
endemic

Giant danio

Devario aequipinnatus.JPG



Devario aequipinnatus


Malabar danio

Devario malabaricus by Blaise.png



Devario malabaricus


Barred danio

Devario pathirana.jpg



Devario pathirana


Flying barb

Esomus thermoicos


Ceylon Logsucker

Garra ceylonensis
endemic

Philipps' Garra

Garra phillipsi
endemic

Glow-light Carplet

Horadandia atukorali


Dussumier's labeo

Labeo dussumieri
endemic

Green labeo

Labeo fisheri
endemic

Red fin labeo

Labeo lankae
endemic

Knuckles Laubuca

Laubuca insularis
endemic

Blue Laubuca

Laubuca lankensis
endemic

Ruhuna Laubuca

Laubuca ruhuna
endemic

Varuna Laubuca

Laubuca varuna
endemic

Scarlet banded barb

Puntius amphibius


Red-side barb

Puntius bimaculatus ?.JPG



Puntius bimaculatus


Swamp barb

Puntius chola


Long-snouted barb

Puntius dorsalis


Kamalika's barb

Puntius kamalika
endemic

Kelum's barb

Puntius kelumi
endemic

Cherry barb

Cherry barb, Puntius titteya.jpg



Puntius titteya
endemic

Greenstripe barb

Puntius vitattus


Bandula barb

Pethia bandula
endemic

Two-spot barb

Pethia cumingii
endemic

Tic-tac-toe Barb

Pethia melanomaculata
endemic

Black ruby barb

Black Ruby Barb 700.jpg



Pethia nigrofasciata
endemic

Red-fined Barb

Pethia reval
endemic

Stoliczkae's barb

PuntiusStoliczkanus.jpg



Pethia stoliczkana


Ticto barb

Pethia ticto.JPG



Pethia ticto


Amith's rasbora

Rasbora armitagei
endemic

Cauvery rasbora

Rasbora caverii


Slender rasbora

Rasbora daniconius
endemic

Wilpita rasbora

Rasbora wilpita
endemic


Rasboroides nigromarginatus
endemic


Rasboroides pallidus
endemic


Rasboroides rohani
endemic

Pearly Rasbora

Rasboroides vaterifloris
endemic

Asoka barb

Systomus asoka
endemic

Martenstyn's barb

Systomus martenstyni
endemic

Side-striped barb

Systomus pleurotaenia
endemic

Olive barb

Fish - Puntius sarana from Kerala (India).png



Systomus sarana



Systomus spilurus
endemic

Timbiri Barb

Systomus timbiri
endemic

Deccan Mahseer

Tor khudree (Sykes).jpg



Tor khudree



River loaches


Family: Balitoridae























Common name
Binomial
Status

Banded Mountain Loach

Acanthocobitis urophthalma
endemic

Hill country Loach

Schistura madhavai
endemic

Spotback Loach

Schistura notostigma
native


True Loaches


Family: Cobitidae


















Common name
Binomial
Status

Spotted loach

Lepidocephalichthys jonklaasi
endemic

Common spiny loach

Lepidocephalichthys thermalis preserved specimen.jpg



Lepidocephalichthys thermalis



Naked catfishes


Order: Siluriformes. Family: Bagridae

































Name
Binomial
Status

Dwarf catfish

Mystus ankutta
endemic

Gangetic mystus

Mystus cavasius


Long Whiskers catfish

Mystus gulio


Yellow catfish

Mystus keletius


Striped dwarf catfish

Mystus vittatus



Sheat catfishes


Family: Siluridae


















Name
Binomial
Status

Butter catfish

Ompok bimaculatus


Wallago

Wallago attu.jpg



Wallago attu



Airbreathing catfishes


Family: Clariidae













Name
Binomial
Status

Walking catfish

Clarias brachysoma.jpg



Clarias brachysoma
endemic


Airsac catfishes


Family: Heteropneustidae













Name
Binomial
Status

Asian stinging catfish

Heteropneustes fossilis.jpg



Heteropneustes fossilis



Swamp eels


Order: Synbranchiformes. Family: Synbranchidae


















Name
Binomial
Status

Lesser swamp eel

Monopterus desilvai


Bengal swamp eel

Ophisternon bengalense



Rivulines


Order: Cyprinodontiformes. Family: Aplocheilidae























Name
Binomial
Status

Ceylon killifish

Aplocheilus dayi
endemic

Dwarf panchax

Aplocheilus parvus


Werners killifish

Aplocheilus werneri
endemic


Ricefish


Family: Adrianichthyidae


















Name
Binomial
Status

Spotted ricefish

Oryzias carnaticus


Indian ricefish

Oryzias dancena



Cichlids


Order: Perciformes. Family: Cichlidae


















Name
Binomial
Status

Orange chromide

Etroplus Maculatus.JPG



Etroplus maculatus


Green chromide

Green chromide.jpg



Etroplus suratensis



Climbing perches


Family: Anabantidae













Name
Binomial
Status

Climbing perch

Pla mo-Thailand25.JPG



Anabas testudineus



Gourami


Family: Osphronemidae























Name
Binomial
Status

Ceylonese combtail

Belontia signata
endemic

Ornate parasidefish

Malpulutta kretseri
endemic

Spike-tailed paradisefish

Pseudosphromenus cupanus



Snakeheads


Family: Channidae

































Name
Binomial
Status

Giant snakehead

Channa ara
endemic

Dwarf snakehead

Chan gachu 120715 0406 krw.jpg



Channa gachua


Ceylon snakehead

Channa orientalis1.jpg



Channa orientalis
endemic

Spotted snakehead

Channa punctata.jpg



Channa punctata


Striped snakehead

Gabus 070909 0242 rwg.jpg



Channa striata



Garfishes


Family: Belonidae













Name
Binomial
Status

Freshwater garfish

Xenentodon cancila (Wroclaw zoo)-1.JPG



Xenentodon cancila



Sleeper gobies


Family: Eleotridae


















Name
Binomial
Status

Crazyfish

Butis butis (Hamilton, 1822).jpg



Butis butis


Dusky sleeper

Eleot fusc 160312-57339 rwg.JPG



Eleotris fusca



Spiny eels


Family: Mastacembelidae


















Name
Binomial
Status

Tire track eel

Tire Track Eel.jpg



Mastacembelus armatus


Sri Lanka spiny eel

Macrognathus pentophthalmos



Gobies


Family: Gobiidae
















































Name
Binomial
Status

Large snout goby

Awaous melanocephalus


Tank goby

Glossogobius giuris (Hamilton- Buchanan).jpg



Glossogobius giuris


Sharptail goby

Oligolepis acutipennis.jpg



Oligolepis acutipennis


Red neck goby

Schismatogobius deraniyagalai


Stone goby

Sicyopterus griseus


Redtail goby

Sicyopterus lagocephalus


Lipstick goby

Sicyopus jonklaasi
endemic

Martenstyn's goby

Stiphodon martenstyni
endemic


References



  • http://www.fish.lk/

  • http://www.environmentmin.gov.lk/web/images/pdf/freshwater%20fish.pdf

  • http://slendemics.net/easl/fish/Endemic%20fish%20page.html









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