Edinburgh Airport
Edinburgh Airport | |||||||||||
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| Summary | |||||||||||
| Airport type | Public | ||||||||||
| Owner | Global Infrastructure Partners | ||||||||||
| Operator | Edinburgh Airport Ltd. | ||||||||||
| Serves | Edinburgh, Glasgow, Lothian, Fife, the Scottish Borders and Central Scotland | ||||||||||
| Location | Ingliston, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom | ||||||||||
| Elevation AMSL | 136 ft / 41 m | ||||||||||
| Coordinates | 55°57′00″N 003°22′21″W / 55.95000°N 3.37250°W / 55.95000; -3.37250Coordinates: 55°57′00″N 003°22′21″W / 55.95000°N 3.37250°W / 55.95000; -3.37250 | ||||||||||
| Website | www.edinburghairport.com | ||||||||||
| Map | |||||||||||
  EGPH Location in Edinburgh | |||||||||||
Runways | |||||||||||
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| Statistics (2017) | |||||||||||
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Sources: UK AIP at NATS[1] Statistics from the UK Civil Aviation Authority[2] | |||||||||||
Edinburgh Airport (Scots: Edinburgh Airport, Scottish Gaelic: Port-adhair Dhùn Èideann) (IATA: EDI, ICAO: EGPH) is an airport located in the Ingliston area of the City of Edinburgh, United Kingdom. It was the busiest airport in Scotland in 2016, handling over 12.3 million passengers in that year, an increase of 11.1% compared with 2015. It was also the sixth-busiest airport in the United Kingdom by total passengers in 2016.[2] It is located 5 NM (9.3 km; 5.8 mi)[1] west of the city centre, just off the M8 and M9 motorways. It is owned and operated by Global Infrastructure Partners, who are also the majority shareholder and lead the management of Gatwick Airport.[3] The airport has one runway and one passenger terminal, and employs about 2,500 people.
Contents
1 History
1.1 Early years
1.2 Post World War II
1.3 BAA ownership 1971 to 2012
1.4 Expansion
2 Airlines and destinations
2.1 Passenger
2.2 Cargo
3 Statistics
3.1 Passenger Numbers
3.2 Busiest routes
4 Access and ground transport
4.1 Bus
4.2 Road
4.3 Train
4.4 Tram
5 Accidents and incidents
6 Accolades
7 Notes
8 References
9 External links
History
Early years
Turnhouse Aerodrome was the most northerly British air defence base in World War I used by the Royal Flying Corps. The small base opened in 1916[4] and it was used to house the 603 (City of Edinburgh) Squadron from 1925, which consisted of DH 9As, Westland Wapitis, Hawker Harts, and Hawker Hind light bombers. All the aircraft used a grass air strip.
In 1918 the Royal Air Force was formed and the airfield was named RAF Turnhouse and ownership transferred to the Ministry of Defence.
When the Second World War broke out, RAF Fighter Command took control over the airfield and a runway of 3,900 ft (1,189 m) was paved to handle the Supermarine Spitfire. During the Battle of Britain, 3, 65, and 141 Squadrons were present at the airbase.
Post World War II
When the war ended the airfield remained under military control, but by the late 1940s the first commercial services were launched. In 1947, British European Airways started a service between Edinburgh and London using Vickers Vikings followed by the Viscount and Vanguard series.[citation needed]
In 1952 the runway was extended to 6000 ft to handle the Vampire FB5s operated by the resident 603 Squadron; and an aircraft carrier Catcher Net (never used) was installed to protect traffic on the adjacent A9 road. In 1956 a new passenger terminal was built to provide an improved commercial service; five years later it was extended. After the disbandment of 603 Squadron in March 1957, the Ministry of Defence transferred ownership to the Ministry of Aviation in 1960 to offer improved commercial service to the airport. Flying was temporarily diverted to East Fortune, which had its runway extended to accommodate the airliners of the period.[citation needed]
BAA ownership 1971 to 2012
Aerial view of Edinburgh Airport
Departure gate area
The British Airports Authority took over ownership of the airport on 1 April 1971 at a time when the original terminal building was running at about eight times its design capacity. Immediate improvements to the terminal were cosmetic, such as extra seating and TV monitors for flight information, and it took two years for plans to be proposed for a completely new terminal and runway redesign. A public consultation on planning started in November 1971 and ended in February 1972. Initial stages of the redevelopment began in June 1973; they included a diversion of the River Almond. Work on the new terminal building, designed by Sir Robert Matthew, started in March 1975, and the building was officially opened by Her Majesty the Queen on 27 May 1977,[5] opening to the public two days later.
Although the original main runway 13/31 (which is now 12/30) served the airport well, its alignment (NW-SE) had the disadvantage of suffering from severe crosswinds, and the other two minor runways were very short and could not be readily extended, so movements were transferred to a new runway (07/25, which has since become 06/24) in an addition completely outside the original airfield boundary. This runway, completed in 1977, is 2,556 m (8,386 ft) in length, and was able to take all modern airliners including Concorde. A new terminal was built alongside the runway to cater for the additional traffic. The old terminal and hangars were converted into a cargo centre.
International service from Edinburgh began in 1962 with a direct service to Dublin, but for many years international flights were charter and private only. This started to change during the late 1970s, with direct services to continental Europe (Amsterdam, 1975). By the mid-1980s direct routes included Paris, Düsseldorf, Brussels, Frankfurt and Copenhagen, but until the Open Skies Act in 1990, all transatlantic flights had to land first at Prestwick, with very few exceptions. By the time BAA had been privatised in 1987, Edinburgh Airport handled over 1.8 million passengers each year; compared to the 681,000 passengers handled in 1971 when BAA first took control of the airport.[6]
RAF Turnhouse was operational near the passenger terminal of the airport for all of the post war period, but was finally closed in 1997.[7]
Since the original terminal upgrade in 1977, there have been major reconstructions, including extensions of the two passenger terminal aprons and a major expansion of car parking facilities, including a multi-storey car park in 2004. In 2005, a new 57-metre-tall (187 ft) air traffic control tower was completed at a cost of £10m. An extension to the terminal called the South East Pier opened in September 2006. This extension initially added six gates on a new pier to the south-east of the original building. A further four gates were added to the South East Pier at the end of 2008.
On 19 October 2011, BAA Limited announced its intention to sell the airport, following a decision by the UK's Competition Commission requiring BAA to sell either Glasgow Airport or Edinburgh Airport.[8] BAA announced on 23 April 2012 that it had sold Edinburgh Airport to Global Infrastructure Partners for a price of £807.2 million.[9]
Expansion
In 2013, a further extension to the passenger terminal was announced, taking the terminal building up to the Edinburgh Airport tram stop. The opening of the Edinburgh Trams in May 2014 created the first rail connection to Edinburgh Airport. Whilst the number of passengers has increased, the number of flights actually decreased in 2014 due to planes operating at higher capacity.[10] Passenger traffic at Edinburgh Airport reached a record level in 2015 with over 11.1 million passengers[11] and over 109,000 aircraft movements.[2] The terminal building is currently[when?] being expanded with an investment of £40m. A new £25m expansion project involving the construction of a new 6,000m² building, housing a security hall and retail areas, is also currently[when?] under way at the airport. On 23 February 2016, Ryanair announced a growth of 20% in passenger numbers, bringing the airline's annual passenger capacity at Edinburgh Airport to 2.5 million. This was coupled with the news of six new services to Ryanair's winter schedule from Edinburgh, in addition to more services on its popular European destinations. In February 2016, consultancy firm Biggar Economics announced that Edinburgh Airport contributes almost £1 billion to the Scottish economy every year.[12] As part of the expansion works, Runway 12/30 was officially withdrawn from use on 29 March 2018.
Airlines and destinations
Passenger
The following airlines operate regular scheduled and charter flights to and from Edinburgh:[13]
| Airlines | Destinations |
|---|---|
Aegean Airlines | Seasonal: Athens |
| Aer Lingus Regional | Cork, Dublin, Shannon |
| Air Canada Rouge | Seasonal: Toronto–Pearson |
| Air France | Paris–Charles de Gaulle |
| American Airlines | Seasonal: Philadelphia (begins 2 April 2019)[14] |
| Atlantic Airways | Seasonal: Vágar |
| Austrian Airlines | Seasonal charter: Innsbruck |
| BH Air | Seasonal charter: Burgas |
| British Airways | London–City, London–Gatwick, London–Heathrow Seasonal: Florence,[15]Palma de Mallorca |
| Brussels Airlines | Brussels |
| Delta Air Lines | Seasonal: Boston (begins 24 May 2019),[16]New York-JFK |
| easyJet | Alicante, Amsterdam, Athens, Basel/Mulhouse, Belfast-International, Berlin-Tegel, Bristol, Copenhagen, Geneva, Hamburg, Kraków, Lisbon, London–Gatwick, London–Luton, London–Stansted, Lyon, Madrid, Milan–Malpensa, Munich, Naples, Paphos, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Prague, Reykjavik-Keflavik, Seville, Tenerife–South, Venice, Vienna Seasonal: Bilbao, Bodrum, Dalaman, Dubrovnik, Grenoble, Heraklion, Jersey, Nice, Palma de Mallorca, Sofia, Stuttgart |
| Edelweiss Air | Zürich |
| Emirates | Dubai-International[17] |
| Eurowings | Cologne/Bonn, Düsseldorf, Munich (ends 29 March 2019)[18][not in citation given][original research?] |
| Finnair | Helsinki |
| Flybe | Belfast-City, Birmingham, Cardiff, East Midlands, Exeter, Knock, London–City, London–Heathrow, Manchester, Southampton Seasonal: Bergerac, Newquay, Jersey |
| Hainan Airlines | Beijing–Capital, Dublin[19] |
| Iberia Express | Seasonal: Madrid |
| Israir Airlines | Seasonal charter: Tel Aviv–Ben Gurion[20] |
| Jet2.com | Alicante, Budapest, Fuerteventura, Funchal, Gran Canaria, Lanzarote, Málaga, Tenerife South Seasonal: Almeria, Antalya, Bodrum (begins 7 May 2019),[21]Burgas (begins 11 May 2019),[22]Chambéry, Corfu (begins 9 May 2019),[21]Dalaman, Dubrovnik, Faro, Geneva, Girona, Heraklion, Ibiza, Kefalonia, Kos, Larnaca, Menorca, Naples, Palma de Mallorca, Paphos, Pula, Reus, Rhodes, Salzburg, Split, Thessaloniki, Turin, Venice, Verona, Vienna, Zakynthos |
| KLM | Amsterdam |
| Loganair | Bergen (resumes 9 May 2019),[23]Islay (begins 25 March 2019),[24]Isle of Man,[25]Kirkwall, Norwich, Stavanger (begins 10 May 2019), Stornoway, Sumburgh, Wick[26] Seasonal: Guernsey (begins 11 May 2019) |
| Lufthansa | Frankfurt, Munich[27][28] |
| Norwegian Air Shuttle | Copenhagen, Newburgh (ends 30 March 2019),[29]Oslo–Gardermoen, Stockholm–Arlanda |
| Qatar Airways | Doha |
| Ryanair | Alicante, Barcelona, Bergamo, Berlin–Schönefeld, Billund (begins 4 April 2019)[30], Bologna, Bratislava, Budapest, Charleroi, Copenhagen, Derry, Dublin, Eindhoven, Faro, Fuerteventura, Gdańsk, Gran Canaria, Gothenburg, Hamburg, Katowice, Kraków, Lanzarote, Lisbon, London–Stansted, Luxembourg (begins 1 April 2019),[30]Málaga, Malta, Marseille, Memmingen, Nantes, Porto, Poznań, Prague, Riga, Rome-Ciampino, Santander, Seville, Sofia, Stockholm–Skavsta, Tallinn, Tenerife–South, Toulouse, Treviso, Valencia, Warsaw–Modlin, Wroclaw Seasonal: Béziers, Bordeaux, Carcassonne, Corfu, Girona, Ibiza, Karlsruhe/Baden-Baden, Kaunas, Palma de Mallorca, Pisa, Szczecin, Weeze |
| Scandinavian Airlines | Stockholm–Arlanda Seasonal: Oslo–Gardermoen |
| Transavia France | Seasonal: Paris–Orly[31] |
| TUI Airways | Gran Canaria, Lanzarote, Paphos, Tenerife–South Seasonal: Burgas (begins 13 May 2019),[32]Corfu, Dalaman, Larnaca, Málaga, Menorca, Palma de Mallorca, Pula, Rhodes Seasonal charter: Geneva, Innsbruck[33] |
| Turkish Airlines | Istanbul–Atatürk (ends 2 March 2019), Istanbul (begins 3 March 2019)[34][35] |
| United Airlines | Newark Seasonal: Chicago–O'Hare, Washington–Dulles[36] |
| Vueling | Barcelona |
| WOW air | Seasonal: Reykjavik–Keflavik[37] |
Cargo
| Airlines | Destinations |
|---|---|
| ASL Airlines Belgium | Liège |
| DHL Aviation | East Midlands, Leipzig/Halle |
| Royal Mail | Aberdeen, East Midlands, Inverness, London–Stansted |
| UPS Airlines | Cologne/Bonn, East Midlands |
Statistics
Passenger Numbers
| Edinburgh Airport Passenger Totals 1985–2017 (millions) |
|---|
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Source: These statistics are combined BAA and CAA figures pre-1996, Edinburgh Airport: A History; McCloskey, Keith. Post 1996: United Kingdom Civil Aviation Authority[2] |
| Number of Passengers[nb 1] | Number of Movements[nb 2] | |
|---|---|---|
| 1985 | 1,578,000 | 36,926 |
| 1986 | 1,651,000 | 36,596 |
| 1987 | 1,852,000 | 39,603 |
| 1988 | 2,080,000 | 40,664 |
| 1989 | 2,369,000 | 47,100 |
| 1990 | 2,495,000 | 47,900 |
| 1991 | 2,343,000 | 49,700 |
| 1992 | 2,539,000 | 56,400 |
| 1993 | 2,721,000 | 58,800 |
| 1994 | 3,001,000 | 61,100 |
| 1995 | 3,280,000 | 64,000 |
| 1996 | 3,810,000 | 68,800 |
| 1997 | 4,214,919 | 99,352 |
| 1998 | 4,588,507 | 100,134 |
| 1999 | 5,119,258 | 101,226 |
| 2000 | 5,519,372 | 102,393 |
| 2001 | 6,067,333 | 112,361 |
| 2002 | 6,930,649 | 118,416 |
| 2003 | 7,481,454 | 118,943 |
| 2004 | 8,017,547 | 125,317 |
| 2005 | 8,456,739 | 127,122 |
| 2006 | 8,611,345 | 126,914 |
| 2007 | 9,047,558 | 128,172 |
| 2008 | 9,006,702 | 125,550 |
| 2009 | 9,049,355 | 115,969 |
| 2010 | 8,596,715 | 108,997 |
| 2011 | 9,385,245 | 113,357 |
| 2012 | 9,195,061 | 110,288 |
| 2013 | 9,775,443 | 111,736 |
| 2014 | 10,160,004 | 109,545 |
| 2015 | 11,114,587 | 115,286 |
| 2016 | 12,348,425 | 122,220 |
| 2017 | 13,410,256 | 128,675 |
Busiest routes
| Rank | Airport | Passengers Handled | % Change 2016/17 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  London–Heathrow | 1,179,758 |  12.0 |
| 2 | London–Gatwick | 737,285 | 5.3 |
| 3 | London–Stansted | 720,271 |  13.9 |
| 4 |  Amsterdam | 681,601 | 4.7 |
| 5 |  Dublin | 617,909 | 3.4 |
| 6 | London–City | 484,892 | 8.1 |
| 7 | Bristol | 393,853 | 3.1 |
| 8 |  Paris–Charles de Gaulle | 357,132 | 15.7 |
| 9 | London–Luton | 309,124 | 13.4 |
| 10 | Belfast–International | 284,833 | 3.8 |
| 11 | Birmingham | 255,142 | 4.5 |
| 12 |  Tenerife–South | 253,726 | 17.1 |
| 13 | Alicante | 230,503 | 11.4 |
| 14 |  Copenhagen | 230,461 | 8.1 |
| 15 | Southampton | 208,105 | 4.8 |
| 16 | Palma de Mallorca | 204,232 | 11.3 |
| 17 | Málaga | 195,779 | 7.0 |
| 18 |  Geneva | 193,486 | 25.0 |
| 19 |  Frankfurt | 190,659 | 3.3 |
| 20 | Barcelona | 186,568 | 3.1 |
Access and ground transport
Airlink 100 bus on Waverley Bridge
Edinburgh Gateway station interchange stop
Edinburgh Airport tram terminus
Bus
Lothian Buses provides public transportation to the airport and Edinburgh:[39]
- Airlink 100 - Express bus to and from the city centre.
- Skylink 200 - Local connections between Edinburgh Airport and North Edinburgh.
- Skylink 300 - Local connections between Edinburgh Airport and Leith.
- Skylink 400 - Local connections between airport and Fort Kinnaird.
- N22 - Night bus service to the city centre and Leith.
First provides public transportation to the airport and West Lothian with one service:[40]
- 600 - Connections between Edinburgh Airport to Livingston via West Lothian towns.
Stagecoach provides public transportation to the airport and Fife with one service:[41]
JET 747 - Connections between Edinburgh Airport with several park and ride facilities, Inverkeithing railway station and Dunfermline.
Citylink provides public transportation to the airport from Glasgow and Stirling:[42]
- Citylink Air - Express bus to and from Edinburgh Airport with Glasgow city centre.
- Citylink 909 - Express bus between Stirling and the airport.
Road
The airport lies on the A8 road, and can be reached by the M8 motorway and the
M9 motorway. The airport is also within access from the M90 motorway via the Queensferry Crossing.
Train
The airport has no dedicated railway station. However, it is served by the nearby Edinburgh Gateway station, which serves as an interchange with Edinburgh Trams services to the airport.[43] The tram line also connects the airport to the nearby Edinburgh Park railway station.[44]
A more expensive Edinburgh Airport Rail Link project to provide a direct heavy rail link was cancelled in 2007 due to increasing costs.[45]
Tram
The airport is served by Edinburgh Trams, a light rail link. The system runs from the airport and travels across the western suburbs of Edinburgh, terminating in the city centre.[46][47]
| Preceding station | | Edinburgh Trams | | Following station |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Ingliston Park & Ride | | Edinburgh Trams Line 1 | | Terminus |
Accidents and incidents
On 27 February 2001, a Loganair Shorts 360 (G-BNMT) operating a Royal Mail flight to Belfast, crashed into the Firth of Forth shortly after taking off from Edinburgh at 1730 GMT. Both crew members were killed, but there were no passengers on board. A fatal accident inquiry later blamed a buildup of slush in the aircraft's engines before the crash. A protective covering had not been fitted to the engine intakes while the aircraft was parked at Edinburgh for several hours in heavy snow.[48][49]
Accolades
- 2011 – 2nd Best Airport in Europe of the Airport Service Quality Awards by Airports Council International[50]
Notes
^ Number of Passengers, Freight and Mail include both domestic and international counterparts.
^ Number of Movements represents total aircraft takeoffs and landings during that year.
References
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^ "Queen will be first to use air terminal". The Glasgow Herald. 27 May 1977. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
^ Edinburgh Airport: A History; McCloskey, Keith; 2006
^ "Site Record for Edinburgh, RAF Turnhouse". Canmore. RCAHMS. Retrieved 8 January 2013.
^ "Heathrow: About us – Heathrow". Baa.com.
^ Heathrow. "Press Releases". Baa.com.
^ ^ CAA: UK Annual Airport Statistics
^ "Edinburgh Airport hails record year". BBC News. 11 January 2016.
^ "Edinburgh Airport Brings in the Bucks". Airport Parking Market. 26 April 2016.
^ edinburghairport.com - Flight Timetable retrieved 23 November 2016
^ "American Airlines Expands European Footprint and Modifies Asia Service". news.aa.com.
^ Airways, British. "British Airways - MORE FLYING, AIRCRAFT AND JOBS FOR REGIONAL OPERATION". mediacentre.britishairways.com.
^ "Delta continues international growth in Boston with new nonstop flights to Scotland". Delta News Hub.
^ "Emirates plans Edinburgh launch in October 2018". Routesonline.com. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
^ "Flight schedule". Eurowings.com.
^ "Hainan Airlines to begin Dublin, Edinburgh flights". Flightglobal.com. 16 March 2018.
^ "Israir to launch Tel Aviv - Scotland, Norway routes". The Jerusalem Post. 15 March 2018. Retrieved 15 March 2018.
^ ab "Lucky 7 for Scotland". Jet2.com.
^ "Flight Timetables - Jet2.com". Jet2.com.
^ "New Routes From Edinburgh". Loganair.co.uk.
^ "Loganair adds four routes from Edinburgh". Travelweekly.co.uk. Retrieved 27 December 2018.
^ "Isle of Man-Edinburgh flights to resume". Bbc.co.uk. 31 March 2017.
^ "Press Office :: Scotland's Airline spreads its wings - Loganair". Web.archive.org. 21 November 2016. Retrieved 27 December 2018.
^ "Lufthansa launches six new tourist destinations from Frankfurt and Munich - Travel News". Eturbonews.com. 18 July 2018.
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^ "Norwegian to scrap US budget flights from Edinburgh". Scotsman.com.
^ ab Thursday; November 08; Pm, 2018-03:34 (8 November 2018). "Derry service among 11 new Ryanair routes from Edinburgh". Irishexaminer.com.
^ transavia.com - Edinburgh retrieved 27 June 2018
^ "Flight Timetable". tui.co.uk.
^ "Ski Holidays 2017/2018 - Get More Winter With Crystal Ski". Crystal Ski.
^ "Turkish Airlines to fully move to Istanbul New in late 4Q18". ch-aviation.
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^ Scotsman: Pilots praised as sheriff confirms snow caused crash, News.scotsman.com, 13 November 2003
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^ "ASQ Award for Best Airport in Europe" Airports Council International. 14 February 2012. Retrieved 13 April 2012
External links
Media related to Edinburgh Airport at Wikimedia Commons
- Official website
- Edinburgh Airport Consultative Committee
EDINBURGH AIRPORT, TURNHOUSE (1971) (archive film from the National Library of Scotland: SCOTTISH SCREEN ARCHIVE)
Current weather for EGPH at NOAA/NWS
Accident history for EDI at Aviation Safety Network
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