• integral component of membrane • centrosome • Golgi apparatus • endoplasmic reticulum membrane • membrane • Golgi membrane • plasma membrane • integral component of plasma membrane • protein complex • neuronal cell body • nuclear inner membrane • Z disc • endoplasmic reticulum • perinuclear region of cytoplasm • kinetochore • mitochondrial inner membrane • lysosomal membrane • cell cortex • cell surface • axon • growth cone • neuromuscular junction • ciliary rootlet • dendritic shaft • membrane raft • cell nucleus • early endosome • synaptic vesicle • apical plasma membrane • macromolecular complex • synaptic membrane • integral component of presynaptic membrane • intracellular
Biological process
• Notch signaling pathway • intracellular signal transduction • response to hypoxia • ephrin receptor signaling pathway • protein processing • positive regulation of catalytic activity • negative regulation of apoptotic process • amyloid-beta metabolic process • proteolysis • membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis • membrane protein intracellular domain proteolysis • positive regulation of apoptotic process • Notch receptor processing • calcium ion transport • amyloid precursor protein catabolic process • Notch receptor processing, ligand-dependent • regulation of calcium import into the mitochondrion • mitochondrion-endoplasmic reticulum membrane tethering
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species
Human
Mouse
Entrez
5664
19165
Ensembl
ENSG00000143801
ENSMUSG00000010609
UniProt
P49810
Q61144
RefSeq (mRNA)
NM_000447 NM_012486
NM_001128605 NM_011183
RefSeq (protein)
NP_000438 NP_036618
NP_001122077 NP_035313
Location (UCSC)
Chr 1: 226.87 – 226.9 Mb
Chr 1: 180.23 – 180.26 Mb
PubMed search
[3]
[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human
View/Edit Mouse
Presenilin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PSEN2 gene.[5]
Contents
1Function
2Interactions
3References
4Further reading
5External links
Function
Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with an inherited form of the disease carry mutations in the presenilin proteins (PSEN1; PSEN2) or the amyloid precursor protein (APP). These disease-linked mutations result in increased production of the longer form of amyloid-beta (main component of amyloid deposits found in AD brains). Presenilins are postulated to regulate APP processing through their effects on gamma-secretase, an enzyme that cleaves APP. Also, it is thought that the presenilins are involved in the cleavage of the Notch receptor, such that they either directly regulate gamma-secretase activity or themselves are protease enzymes. Two alternative transcripts of PSEN2 have been identified.[6]
In melanocytic cells PSEN2 gene expression may be regulated by MITF.[7]
Interactions
PSEN2 has been shown to interact with:
BCL2-like 1,[8]
CAPN1,[9]
CIB1,[10]
Calsenilin,[11][12]
FHL2,[13]
FLNB,[14]
KCNIP4,[15]
Nicastrin,[16][17] and
UBQLN1.[18]
References
^ abcGRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000143801 - Ensembl, May 2017
^ abcGRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000010609 - Ensembl, May 2017
^Hoek KS, Schlegel NC, Eichhoff OM, Widmer DS, Praetorius C, Einarsson SO, Valgeirsdottir S, Bergsteinsdottir K, Schepsky A, Dummer R, Steingrimsson E (2008). "Novel MITF targets identified using a two-step DNA microarray strategy". Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 21 (6): 665–676. doi:10.1111/j.1755-148X.2008.00505.x. PMID 19067971.
^Passer BJ, Pellegrini L, Vito P, Ganjei JK, D'Adamio L (August 1999). "Interaction of Alzheimer's presenilin-1 and presenilin-2 with Bcl-X(L). A potential role in modulating the threshold of cell death". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (34): 24007–13. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.34.24007. PMID 10446169.
^Shinozaki K, Maruyama K, Kume H, Tomita T, Saido TC, Iwatsubo T, Obata K (May 1998). "The presenilin 2 loop domain interacts with the mu-calpain C-terminal region". Int. J. Mol. Med. 1 (5): 797–9. doi:10.3892/ijmm.1.5.797. PMID 9852298.
^Stabler SM, Ostrowski LL, Janicki SM, Monteiro MJ (June 1999). "A myristoylated calcium-binding protein that preferentially interacts with the Alzheimer's disease presenilin 2 protein". J. Cell Biol. 145 (6): 1277–92. doi:10.1083/jcb.145.6.1277. PMC 2133148. PMID 10366599.
^Buxbaum JD, Choi EK, Luo Y, Lilliehook C, Crowley AC, Merriam DE, Wasco W (October 1998). "Calsenilin: a calcium-binding protein that interacts with the presenilins and regulates the levels of a presenilin fragment". Nat. Med. 4 (10): 1177–81. doi:10.1038/2673. PMID 9771752.
^Choi EK, Zaidi NF, Miller JS, Crowley AC, Merriam DE, Lilliehook C, Buxbaum JD, Wasco W (June 2001). "Calsenilin is a substrate for caspase-3 that preferentially interacts with the familial Alzheimer's disease-associated C-terminal fragment of presenilin 2". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (22): 19197–204. doi:10.1074/jbc.M008597200. PMID 11278424.
^Tanahashi H, Tabira T (September 2000). "Alzheimer's disease-associated presenilin 2 interacts with DRAL, an LIM-domain protein". Hum. Mol. Genet. 9 (15): 2281–9. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.hmg.a018919. PMID 11001931.
^Zhang W, Han SW, McKeel DW, Goate A, Wu JY (February 1998). "Interaction of presenilins with the filamin family of actin-binding proteins". J. Neurosci. 18 (3): 914–22. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.18-03-00914.1998. PMC 2042137. PMID 9437013.
^Morohashi Y, Hatano N, Ohya S, Takikawa R, Watabiki T, Takasugi N, Imaizumi Y, Tomita T, Iwatsubo T (April 2002). "Molecular cloning and characterization of CALP/KChIP4, a novel EF-hand protein interacting with presenilin 2 and voltage-gated potassium channel subunit Kv4". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (17): 14965–75. doi:10.1074/jbc.M200897200. PMID 11847232.
^Lee SF, Shah S, Li H, Yu C, Han W, Yu G (November 2002). "Mammalian APH-1 interacts with presenilin and nicastrin and is required for intramembrane proteolysis of amyloid-beta precursor protein and Notch". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (47): 45013–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M208164200. PMID 12297508.
^Yu G, Nishimura M, Arawaka S, Levitan D, Zhang L, Tandon A, Song YQ, Rogaeva E, Chen F, Kawarai T, Supala A, Levesque L, Yu H, Yang DS, Holmes E, Milman P, Liang Y, Zhang DM, Xu DH, Sato C, Rogaev E, Smith M, Janus C, Zhang Y, Aebersold R, Farrer LS, Sorbi S, Bruni A, Fraser P, St George-Hyslop P (September 2000). "Nicastrin modulates presenilin-mediated notch/glp-1 signal transduction and betaAPP processing". Nature. 407 (6800): 48–54. doi:10.1038/35024009. PMID 10993067.
^Mah AL, Perry G, Smith MA, Monteiro MJ (November 2000). "Identification of ubiquilin, a novel presenilin interactor that increases presenilin protein accumulation". J. Cell Biol. 151 (4): 847–62. doi:10.1083/jcb.151.4.847. PMC 2169435. PMID 11076969.
Cruts M, Van Broeckhoven C (1998). "Presenilin mutations in Alzheimer's disease". Hum. Mutat. 11 (3): 183–190. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-1004(1998)11:3<183::AID-HUMU1>3.0.CO;2-J. PMID 9521418.
McGeer PL, Kawamata T, McGeer EG (1998). "Localization and possible functions of presenilins in brain". Reviews in the Neurosciences. 9 (1): 1–15. doi:10.1515/REVNEURO.1998.9.1.1. PMID 9683324.
Nishimura M, Yu G, St George-Hyslop PH (1999). "Biology of presenilins as causative molecules for Alzheimer disease". Clin. Genet. 55 (4): 219–225. doi:10.1034/j.1399-0004.1999.550401.x. PMID 10361981.
da Costa CA (2006). "Recent insights on the pro-apoptotic phenotype elicited by presenilin 2 and its caspase and presenilinase-derived fragments". Current Alzheimer Research. 2 (5): 507–514. doi:10.2174/156720505774932278. PMID 16375654.
Wolfe MS (2007). "When loss is gain: reduced presenilin proteolytic function leads to increased Abeta42/Abeta40. Talking Point on the role of presenilin mutations in Alzheimer disease". EMBO Rep. 8 (2): 136–140. doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7400896. PMC 1796780. PMID 17268504.
De Strooper B (2007). "Loss-of-function presenilin mutations in Alzheimer disease. Talking Point on the role of presenilin mutations in Alzheimer disease". EMBO Rep. 8 (2): 141–146. doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7400897. PMC 1796779. PMID 17268505.
External links
GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Early-Onset Familial Alzheimer Disease
v
t
e
Protein: cell membrane proteins (other than Cell surface receptor, enzymes, and cytoskeleton)
Arrestin
SAG
ARRB1
ARRB2
ARR3
Membrane-spanning 4A
MS4A1
MS4A2
MS4A3
MS4A4A
MS4A4E
MS4A5
MS4A6A
MS4A6E
MS4A7
MS4A8B
MS4A9
MS4A10
MS4A12
MS4A13
MS4A14
MS4A15
MS4A18
Myelin
Myelin basic protein
PMP2
Myelin proteolipid protein
PLP1
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein
Myelin-associated glycoprotein
Myelin protein zero
Pulmonary surfactant
Pulmonary surfactant-associated protein B
Pulmonary surfactant-associated protein C
Tetraspanin
TSPAN1
TSPAN2
TSPAN3
TSPAN4
TSPAN5
TSPAN6
TSPAN7
TSPAN8
TSPAN9
TSPAN10
TSPAN11
TSPAN12
TSPAN13
TSPAN14
TSPAN15
TSPAN16
TSPAN17
TSPAN18
TSPAN19
TSPAN20
TSPAN21
TSPAN22
TSPAN23
TSPAN24
TSPAN25
TSPAN26
TSPAN27
TSPAN28
TSPAN29
TSPAN30
TSPAN31
TSPAN32
TSPAN33
TSPAN34
Other/ungrouped
Calnexin
LDL-receptor-related protein-associated protein
Neurofibromin 2
Presenilin
PSEN1
PSEN2
HFE
Phospholipid transfer proteins
Dysferlin
STRC
OTOF
see also other cell membrane protein disorders
This article on a gene on human chromosome 1 is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
Florida Star v. B. J. F. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation Jump to search United States Supreme Court case Florida Star v. B. J. F. Supreme Court of the United States Argued March 21, 1989 Decided June 21, 1989 Full case name The Florida Star v. B. J. F. Citations 491 U.S. 524 ( more ) 109 S. Ct. 2603; 105 L. Ed. 2d 443; 1989 U.S. LEXIS 3120; 57 U.S.L.W. 4816; 16 Media L. Rep. 1801 Prior history The Florida Star v. B.J.F., 530 So.2d 286 (1988) Supreme Court of Florida; Florida Star v. B.J.F., 499 So.2d 883 (1986) Fla. Dist. Court of Appeals Holding Florida Stat. § 794.03 is unconstitutional to the extent it makes the truthful reporting of information that was a matter of public record unlawful, as it violates the First Amendment. Court membership Chief Justice William Rehnquist Associate Justices William J. Brennan Jr. · Byron White Thurgood Marshall · Harry Blac
0
My stringified object data doesn't include quotation marks around object values, which errors when attempting JSON.parse() : '{ "affiliation": CORPORATE, "userId": 75c35d1c-5d12-4485-8fa8-b2f1551a3e6e }' I need the string to be: '{ "affiliation": "CORPORATE", "userId": "75c35d1c-5d12-4485-8fa8-b2f1551a3e6e" }' I'm using this regex to add quotes to the object keys: var newStr = str.replace(/(['"])?([a-z0-9A-Z_]+)(['"])?:/g, '"$2": '); For instance: '{ affiliation: CORPORATE }' to '{ "affiliation": CORPORATE }' There are only string values in my data, so I don't need to check value types. How can I alter my regex expression to add quotations to
