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if(true) {
document.getElementById("skipNavigationLink").onclick =function skipElement () {
var element = document.getElementById('main-content');
if(element == null || element == undefined) {
element = document.getElementsByClassName('main-content').item(0);
}
element.setAttribute('tabindex','0');
element.focus();

}

}









.19331592-featured-bg {
background-image: url(https://wol-prod-cdn.literatumonline.com/pb-assets/images/publications/19331592/background/featured.jpg);
}


(function ($) {

function init() {
$('.slideshowWidget').each(function () {
var $slideshow = $(this);

// Generate the direct-to-slide navigation list
makeDirectNav($slideshow);

// enable the prev/next slide navigation functions
enablePrevNext($slideshow);

enableAnimation($slideshow);

pauseAnimation($slideshow);

bindTouchEvents($slideshow);

// delay load of images after this event handler is finished
setTimeout(function () {
exposeDelayedContent($slideshow);
}, 0);
});

}

function exposeDelayedContent($context) {
$context.find('noscript').each(function () {
var $n = $(this);

var t = $n.text() || $n.attr('alt');
// Sometimes we get the text XML escaped, un-escape if needed
if (t.indexOf('<') == -1) t = $('
').html(t).text();

$n.after(t);
}
).remove();
}

function activateSlide($slideshow, $slide) {
// ignore clicks on current slide
if ($slide.hasClass('active')) return;
// Ignore clicks if the slides in pause state
if($slideshow.hasClass('pause')) return;

// make nav selector inactive by removing "active" class
var $currentSlide = $slideshow.find('li.active');
$currentSlide.removeClass('active');

// get the slide number from the clicked list item text
var newSlideNum = $slide.attr('data-relatedSlide');
var newSlideClass = "slide" + newSlideNum;
var $newSlide = $slideshow.find('.' + newSlideClass);
exposeDelayedContent($newSlide);

// when "fade" animation is selected
if ($slideshow.hasClass("animate-fade")) {
// show the slide with fadein animation
$slideshow.find('div.slide:visible').stop(true, true).fadeOut(500);
$newSlide.stop(true, true).fadeIn(500);
populateCaption($slideshow, $newSlide);
}

// when "slide" animation is selected
else if ($slideshow.hasClass("animate-slide")) {
var slideLeft = $newSlide.position().left;
$('.slides').animate(
{left:-slideLeft},
{duration:300, easing:"linear"}
);
populateCaption($slideshow, $newSlide);

$( window ).resize(function() {
var slideLeft = $newSlide.position().left;
$('.slides').css(
{left:-slideLeft}
);
});
}

// when "none" animation is selected
else {
// show the slide with fadein animation
$slideshow.find('div.slide:visible').hide();
$($newSlide).show();
populateCaption($slideshow, $newSlide);
}

// set the clicked nav item to active
$slide.addClass('active');
}

function makeDirectNav($slideshow) {
var numSlides = $slideshow.find('.slide').length;

// create a navigation list based on the total number of slides
var $navIndicator = $slideshow.find('ul.navIndicator');
$navIndicator.empty();
for (var n = 1; n 0) {
$currentSlide = $prev;
} else {
$currentSlide = $slideshow.find(".navIndicator li").last();
}
activateSlide($slideshow, $currentSlide);
}

function nextSlide($slideshow) {
var $currentSlide = $slideshow.find('.navIndicator li.active');
var $next = $currentSlide.next();
if ($next.length > 0) {
$currentSlide = $next;
} else {
$currentSlide = $slideshow.find(".navIndicator li").first();
}
activateSlide($slideshow, $currentSlide);
}

function enablePrevNext($slideshow) {
$('.slideNav', $slideshow).show();
$slideshow.find('.previousSlide').off().click(function() {
if($slideshow.hasClass('pause')) return;
previousSlide($slideshow);
});
$slideshow.find('.nextSlide').off().click(function() {
if($slideshow.hasClass('pause')) return;
nextSlide($slideshow);
})
}

function enableAnimation($slideshow) {
var autoplay = $slideshow.data('autoplay');
if (autoplay) {
clearInterval(autoplay);
}
// start autoplay; pause it when hovering over the slideshow and resume it when leaving
var autoplayTime = $('.autoplayTime', $slideshow).val();
if (autoplayTime) {
exposeDelayedContent($slideshow);
autoplayTime = autoplayTime * 1000;

function nextSlideFunc() {
var attached = $slideshow.closest('body').length;
if (!attached) {
// this slideshow was detached due to the widget-reload. finish it off.
disableAnimation($slideshow);
return;
}
nextSlide($slideshow);
}
autoplay = window.setInterval(nextSlideFunc, autoplayTime);
$slideshow.data('autoplay', autoplay);

$slideshow.off().bind({
mouseenter:function () {
clearInterval(autoplay);
},
mouseleave:function () {
enableAnimation($slideshow);
}
});
}
}

function pauseAnimation($slideShow) {
var pauseBtn = $($slideShow).find('.playSlide');
if(pauseBtn.length > 0) {
pauseBtn.on('click keypress' ,function(e) {
var eType = e.type;
if (eType == 'click' || (eType == 'keypress' && e.which == 13)) {
$slideShow.toggleClass('pause');
pauseBtn.toggleClass('pauseSlide');
}
});
}
}

function disableAnimation($slideshow) {
var autoplay = $slideshow.data('autoplay');
if (autoplay) {
// disable it permanently
$('.autoplayTime', $slideshow).remove();
clearInterval(autoplay);
}
}

function populateCaption($slideshow, $slide) {
var $slideshowCaption = $slideshow.find('div.slideshowCaption');
var caption = $slide.find('div.slideCaption').html() || "";
$slideshowCaption.html(caption);
}

function bindTouchEvents($slideshow){
var holder = $slideshow.find(".slidePort"),
touchstartx= undefined,
touchmovex= undefined,
movex,
longTouch= undefined,
slideWidth= holder.width(),
touchstarty = undefined,
touchmovey = undefined;

holder.on("touchstart", function(event) {
touchStart(event);
});

holder.on("touchmove", function(event) {
touchMove(event);
});

holder.on("touchend", function(event) {
touchEnd(event);
});

function touchStart(event){
// Test for flick.
longTouch = false;
setTimeout(function() {
longTouch = true;
}, 250);

// Get the original touch position.
touchstartx = event.originalEvent.touches[0].pageX;
touchstarty = event.originalEvent.touches[0].pageY;
//reset movex on every touch on the slider
movex= undefined;
}

function touchMove(event){
// Continuously return touch position.
touchmovex = event.originalEvent.touches[0].pageX;
touchmovey = event.originalEvent.touches[0].pageY;
// Calculate distance to translate holder.
movex = slideWidth + (touchstartx - touchmovex);
}

function touchEnd(event){
// Calculate the distance swiped.
if(movex != undefined){
var absMovex = Math.abs(slideWidth - movex);
var absMovey = Math.abs(touchmovey - touchstarty);
// skip sliding if the user was just moving vertically on the page
if(!(absMovey > absMovex)) {
if (absMovex > slideWidth/4 || longTouch === false) {
if (touchmovex > touchstartx) {
previousSlide($slideshow);
} else{

nextSlide($slideshow);
}
}
}
}
}

}

function createNavigationElement(index) {
var elem = $('
  • ');
    elem.attr('aria-describedby', 'offscreen' + index);
    elem.attr('data-relatedSlide',index);
    if(parseInt(index) == 1) {
    elem.attr('class','active');
    }

    var descriptionHeader = $('




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