Flybe
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| Founded | 1 November 1979 (1979-11-01) (as Jersey European Airways) | ||||||
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| AOC # | 601 | ||||||
| Operating bases |
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| Hubs |
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| Frequent-flyer program | Avios | ||||||
| Fleet size | 78 | ||||||
| Destinations | 85[3] | ||||||
| Company slogan | Close to you | ||||||
| Parent company | Flybe Group PLC | ||||||
| Headquarters | Exeter International Airport Devon, England | ||||||
| Key people |
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| Revenue |  £752.6 million (Year 2017-2018) | ||||||
| Profit |  £ -14.8 million (Year 2017-2018) | ||||||
| Website | www.flybe.com | ||||||
Flybe (pronounced /ˈflaɪˌbiː/) based in Exeter, England, is the largest independent regional airline in Europe. Flybe carries 8 million passengers a year between 81 airports across the UK and the rest of Europe, with over 210 routes across 15 countries. Their two hubs are Manchester & Birmingham airports but they also have a number of codeshares allowing connections to long haul flights from airports such as London Heathrow, Paris CDG, Dublin Airport and Amsterdam Airport Schiphol. They are a member of the European Regions Airline Association.[5] Flybe's parent company Flybe Group PLC (formerly known as Walker Aviation Limited) is listed on the London Stock Exchange.[6]
The airline launched in 1979 as Jersey European Airways following the merger of Intra Airways and Express Air Services. In 1983 the airline was sold to Walker Steel Group, which also owned Spacegrand Aviation, and the two airlines were merged under the Jersey European name in 1985. Jersey European was renamed British European in 2000 (shortened to "BE"), and received its current name in 2002.
Contents
1 History
1.1 Early years
1.2 Development since 2010
2 Corporate affairs
2.1 Ownership and structure
2.2 Business trends
2.3 Joint ventures and franchises
2.4 Sponsorship
2.5 Services
2.5.1 Frequent-flyer programmes
2.5.2 Cabin and service
3 Destinations
3.1 Partnerships and codeshare agreements
4 Fleet
4.1 Current Fleet
4.2 Fleet strategy and developments
4.3 Historical fleet
5 Accidents and incidents
6 References
6.1 Citations
6.2 Bibliography
7 External links
History
Early years
A Jersey European Vickers Viscount in 1980
A Jersey European BAe 146 wearing the 1991–2000 livery
A British European CRJ-200 wearing the 2000–2002 livery
Former Jersey European logo, used from 1991–2000
Flybe started operations on 1 November 1979 as Jersey European Airways as a result of a merger of Jersey-based Intra Airways and Bournemouth-based Express Air Services,[7][8] and was founded by John Habin, a resident of Jersey and the majority investor. After selling Aviation Beauport and other business interests, Habin established some key routes from Jersey to the UK, before selling the airline in November 1983 to Jack Walker's Walker Steel Group, which already owned Blackpool-based charter airline Spacegrand Aviation. The two airlines were then run separately, with partially shared management, until 1985 when they amalgamated under the Jersey European name, with the airline's headquarters moving to Exeter.[9]
The airline became British European in June 2000,[10] shortening this title to Flybe on 18 July 2002 and repositioning itself as a full-service, low-fare airline.
On 3 November 2006 it was announced that Flybe would buy BA Connect, except for that airline's services out of London City Airport. The takeover was complete in March 2007. The expanded airline's owners were Rosedale Aviation Holdings (69%), Flybe staff (16%) and – as a result of the BA Connect takeover – International Airlines Group (15%).[11] The acquisition increased Flybe's route network in both the UK and continental Europe, making Flybe Europe's largest regional airline.[12]
On 14 January 2008 it was announced that Flybe had signed a franchise agreement with Scottish airline Loganair, to commence on 26 October 2008 following the termination of Loganair's franchise agreement with British Airways on 25 October 2008. The agreement would see Loganair aircraft flying in Flybe colours on 55 routes from Scotland.[13]
In 2008, in order to avoid losing a £280,000 rebate from Norwich Airport, Flybe advertised for "actors", as well as offering free return flights to Dublin on its website.[14][15][16] As a result, the environmental group Friends of the Earth called on the government to launch an investigation into the aviation industry.[17]
Chief Executive Officer Jim French was recognised in the 2009 Queen's Birthday Honours List with a CBE for his services to the airline industry.[18]
Development since 2010
On 10 December 2010, Flybe floated an IPO on the London Stock Exchange, with trading in shares commencing on the same day. Full public release of shares followed on 15 December 2010. The share price was set at 295p, valuing the company at approximately £215 million, and raising £66 million for the company, half of which was to pay for fleet expansion.[19][20]
On 23 May 2013, it was reported that Flybe had sold its slots at Gatwick airport to easyJet for £20m, and that the slots would be handed over to easyJet on 29 March 2014.[21] CEO and Chairman Jim French retired in August 2013, leaving the post of CEO to Saad Hammad, formerly of EasyJet airline, while Simon Laffin became Chairman.[22] By November 2013, Hammad had shaken up the operation, requesting the resignations of three top managers within six weeks of his arrival. Out of 158 routes flown at the time, over 60 did not cover their direct operating expenses and the costs of crew and aircraft.[22]
On 23 April 2014, Flybe announced that it will launch domestic and international flights from London City from 27 October 2014 after signing a five-year deal with the Docklands Airport. The airline is expecting to carry around 500,000 passengers a year, with all 5 allocated aircraft being based around the Flybe network overnight.[23] In March 2014, it was announced that Flybe would undergo a major brand refresh. This new scheme included a new purple aircraft livery, new interior features and new uniforms.[24][25] British Airways sold most of its remaining stake in the airline in June 2014. It had been reduced to 5% by share issues.
In early 2015 it was announced that Flybe had negotiated a six-year agreement with SAS Scandinavian Airlines to fly 4 ATR 72–600 aircraft on their behalf, starting in October 2015.[26] On 4 March 2015, Flybe announced new routes from Cardiff Airport bringing the number of routes to eleven. Flybe also stated their intention to create a new base at Cardiff Airport and in Summer 2015,[27] initially based 2 Embraer 195 aircraft there, which has since increased to 3. On 10 November 2015, Flybe announced that it would base two Embraer 195 aircraft at Doncaster Sheffield Airport, starting new routes to Amsterdam, Berlin, Paris, Jersey, Alicante, Málaga, Faro and Newquay as of 27 March 2016[update].[28][29]
This announcement came on the same day that Flybe announced that they would be pulling flights from Bournemouth.[30] Dublin was added in October 2016, taking over where Stobart Air pulled out.
On 26 October 2016, it was announced that Hammad would be standing down as CEO with immediate effect, and that consequently Flybe were beginning the process of finding a replacement. On 21 November 2016, Flybe announced it was to open its first European base in Düsseldorf. In February 2017 this commenced with two aircraft alongside 60 pilots, cabin crew and engineers. On 22 December 2016, Flybe started selling flights for 12 further destinations from London-Southend, in an extension to their existing franchise operation with Stobart Air.[31]
Flybe and Loganair separately announced that their franchise agreement would terminate in October 2017. Flybe then announced a partnership with Eastern Airways and would now operate routes in direct competition with Loganair - namely the Scottish mainland to Stornoway, Kirkwall and Sumburgh. On 16 January 2017, former CityJet boss Christine Ourmieres-Widener, took over the role of CEO after Saad Hammad left in October 2016.[32] Later in the year, Flybe started flying from London Heathrow Airport to Aberdeen International Airport and Edinburgh Airport taking over slots previously used by Virgin Atlantic Little Red.[33]
On 22 February 2018, franchise partner Stobart Air confirmed interest in a takeover bid of 100% of Flybe for an undisclosed fee.[34] However this bid was rejected by the carrier and Stobart scrapped its interest on 22 March 2018,[35] causing share prices in the airline, which had climbed by up to 25% following the bid, to drop back to their previous level.[36] In September 2018 a revised aircraft livery was launched, with purple and white being retained but lilac replacing the red and yellow. On 14 November 2018, after the airline's shares fell by 75%, Flybe announced that it was talking with various parties about a potential sale of the business, as part of a wide-ranging review of strategic options.[37][38]
Corporate affairs
Ownership and structure
Jack Walker House, Flybe head office at Exeter International Airport
Flybe is a public company, listed on the London Stock Exchange (LSE: FLYB).[39] Until November 2013, the main shareholder, with 48.1% of the shares, was Rosedale Aviation Holdings Limited,[40] the corporate representative of the trustee of the Jack Walker 1987 Settlement, which was established by the late Jack Walker, who was involved in Flybe's early development. On 22 February 2018, franchise partner Stobart Air confirmed interest in a takeover bid of 100% of Flybe for an undisclosed fee.[34] However this bid was rejected by the carrier and Stobart scrapped its interest on 22 March 2018,[35] causing share prices in the airline to drop by up to 25%.
In the UK, Flybe's largest base is at Birmingham Airport[41] and it has other large bases at Belfast, Manchester and Southampton airports, with a total of 14 crew and aircraft bases across the United Kingdom, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man. The company holds a United Kingdom Civil Aviation Authority Type A Operating Licence permitting it to carry passengers, cargo and mail on aircraft with 20 or more seats.[42] The Flybe Group includes Flybe Aviation Services (engineering and maintenance), Flybe Training Academy (engineering and flight crew training), Flybe UK (airline operations) and Flybe Europe, the holding company for all European operations, which previously consisted of Flybe Nordic.
Business trends
The trends for Flybe Group over recent years are shown below (as at year ending 31 March):
2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group turnover (total, less JV) (£m) | 367.5 | 535.9 | 572.4 | 570.5 | 595.5 | 615.3 | 614.3 | 620.5 | 574.1 | 623.8 | 707.4 | 752.6 |
| Profit before tax (EBITDA) (£m) | −16.2 | 30.4 | 0.1 | 5.7 | 7.6 | −7.1 | −23.2 | 8.1 | −35.6 | 2.7 | −48.5 | −9.4 |
| Profit after tax (£m) | −19.9 | 34.9 | 4.1 | 6.7 | 3.8 | −6.4 | −41.8 | 8.0 | −35.7 | 6.8 | −26.7 | N/A |
| Number of employees (average/*year end) | 1,931 | 3,197 | 2,860 | 2,798 | 2,949 | 2,781 | 2,667 | 2,650 | 2,069* | 2,262* | 2,388* | 2,346* |
| Number of passengers (scheduled) (m) | 5.2 | 7.0 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.6 | 7.2 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 8.2 | 8.8 | 9.5 |
| Passenger load factor (schedule) (%) | n/a | n/a | 65.4 | 63.5 | 61.7 | 61.9 | 62.6 | 69.5 | 75.2 | 72.6 | 69.6 | 75.6 |
| Number of aircraft (average/*year end) | 81* | 80* | 68 | 67 | 68 | 84 | 81 | 97 | 66* | 74* | 83* | 80* |
Notes/sources | [43] | [43] | [40][44] | [40][45] | [40][46] | [40] | [40] | [47] | [48] | [49] | [49] |
Joint ventures and franchises
Loganair was the first franchise partner for Flybe and operated a number of flights in Scotland and Ireland under a franchise agreement from 2008. Loganair operated these routes on the smaller Saab 340, Saab 2000, Dornier 328 and Twin Otter aircraft. Loganair aircraft wore the full Flybe livery during the time of the franchise. In 2016 it was announced that the agreement was to end on 31 August 2017 at which time Loganair would become an independent carrier.
Stobart Air ATR 72-500 operated as Flybe
In 2014 Flybe signed their second franchise agreement with Stobart Air[50] and initially started operating European routes from Southend Airport. In 2015 Stobart Air began operating more flights on behalf of Flybe from Isle of Man Airport to Birmingham Airport, Manchester Airport, Liverpool Airport and Stansted Airport using two ATR 72 aircraft that were to be based on IOM.[51] In 2017 Flybe and Stobart Air began operating additional services from Southend Airport using two Flybe Embraer 195 jet aircraft that were to be based there. This has now increased to three jets and these mainly operate longer European destinations. Later in 2018 Stobart Air will purchase these three Embraer jets that are currently on lease to Flybe.[52]
On 11 January 2016, Flybe announced its third franchise deal with the Guernsey based airline, Blue Islands. This would see all Blue Islands flights operated under the Flybe name, and the Blue Islands aircraft livery replaced with the current Flybe livery from May 2016.[53] This deal is however under investigation and could be potentially breaking local competition laws.[54]
From 1 September 2017 Eastern Airways became a new franchise partner for Flybe taking over routes previously operated by Loganair from Aberdeen Airport, Glasgow Airport and Edinburgh Airport.[55] This now meant both Flybe and Loganair were now in direct completion with each other.
In January 2018 services to Sumburgh were being withdrawn, owing to the competition with Loganair and the route being unable to sustain two carriers.[56] It was also announced that Loganair was withdrawing services from Glasgow to Manchester leaving Flybe as the sole operator on that route.
Flybe purchased Finncomm Airlines with Finnair in July 2011,[57] and on 30 October 2011 rebranded the airline as Flybe Nordic. The joint venture operated its own routes along with franchise routes under a codeshare agreement for Finnair, operating under Flybe's BE-code. Flybe agreed to sell its 60% stake in Flybe Nordic in November 2014 for €1, in an attempt to reduce group costs.[58] On 1 May 2015, Flybe Nordic began operating solely for Finnair as it is no longer a part of Flybe. Flybe Nordic is now known as Nordic Regional Airlines – Norra.[59]
Sponsorship
Flybe are the main sponsor of Exeter City Football Club and also sponsor Exeter Chiefs with their branding featuring on both teams shirts. Flybe has also sponsored the weather bulletins on ITV Meridian, STV, ITV West Country, Channel Television, UTV, ITV Wales with Cardiff Airport and the sport sections of the Manchester Evening News, the Express & Echo (Exeter), the South Wales Echo (Cardiff), the Isle of Man Courier and the Isle of Man Examiner.
In the past, Flybe sponsored Norwich City (2006–2008), Birmingham City (2003–2007) Southampton (2006–2010) and Inverness Caledonian Thistle (2007–2010).
Services
Frequent-flyer programmes
Flybe uses the Avios frequent-flyer programme, which is also used by British Airways, Iberia and Aer Lingus. The programme is operated by the IAG subsidiary Avios Group.[60][61] Flybe also operates a loyalty programme, Spend&Fly, for Flybe Credit Card holders.[62]
Cabin and service
Flybe's cabin interiors are configured with a single-class all economy layout. Flybe operates an allocated seating policy on all flights. Passengers have the option to choose a specific seat of their choice online in advance for a fee or have one allocated free of charge during online check-in or at the airport check-in. The airline operates a buy on board programme, called "Café Flybe", offering food and drinks for purchase. On most flights to and from the Channel Islands a selection of Duty Free spirits and tobacco items are available to purchase.
Passengers have the option of three ticket types. "Just Fly", "Get More" and "All In".
"Just Fly" is the most basic ticket type, with just the flight included and any extra options options available to add for an additional fee.
"Get More" ticket holders get to reserve a seat and includes free 23 kg hold bag.[63]
"All In" ticket holders receive a complimentary drink and snack, access to Flybe Executive Lounges, free pre-booked seating, priority check-in and two free hold bags.[64]
Destinations
Flybe operates short haul services to destinations throughout the United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland and continental Europe.
Flybe codeshares with the following airlines under the 'One Stop To The World' programme :[65][66]
- Aer Lingus
- Air France
- Air India
- Alitalia
- British Airways
- Cathay Pacific
- Emirates
- Etihad Airways
- Finnair
- Singapore Airlines
- United Airlines
- Virgin Atlantic
Fleet
Flybe Bombardier Dash 8 Q400.
Flybe Embraer 195 in the "Welcome to Yorkshire" livery.
Current Fleet
As of June 2018[update], the Flybe fleet consists of the following aircraft:[67]
| Aircraft | In Service | Orders | Passengers | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
ATR 72–600 | 5 | — | 70 | Operating for Scandinavian Airlines.[68][69] |
Bombardier Dash 8 Q400 | 54 | — | 78 | |
Embraer 175 | 11 | 4 | 88 | Deliveries from 2019.[70][71][72] |
Embraer 195 | 8[73] | — | 118 | To be phased out by 2020 [74] |
| Total | 78 | 4 | ||
Fleet strategy and developments
Flybe operates a mixed fleet of turboprop and jet airliners, the majority being turboprops:
- Bombardier Q400
Flybe Q400 wearing the old livery
Flybe is the world's largest operator of the Bombardier Dash 8 Q400. In May 2007, the airline signed a deal for a further 15 Bombardier Dash 8 Q400 aircraft valued at $394 million, with options for a further 15, increasing its fleet of the type to 60.[75] In September 2014, Republic Airways agreed to lease 24 of their Q400 aircraft to Flybe.[76] In June 2017, Flybe announced that due to a loss of near to £20m, it will retire six Bombardier Q400 aircraft from 2017.[77]
- Embraer 175
On 20 July 2010, Flybe placed an order for 35 Embraer 175 aircraft worth $1.3bn, with options for 65 more (value $2.3bn) and purchase rights for a further 40 (value $1.4bn). The 88-seat aircraft was originally planned to be delivered between July 2011 and March 2017,[70] with the first two aircraft actually arriving in November 2011.[78] In September 2014 Flybe reached an agreement with Embraer to cancel 20 orders for E-175 jets, and defer delivery of the other 4 until 2018.
- Embraer 195
The airline placed an order for 14 Embraer 195 aircraft in June 2005, plus options on an additional 12 aircraft, making it the type's worldwide launch customer. This was followed by the conversion of 4 existing Bombardier Dash 8 Q400 options into firm orders, bringing its fleet of Q400s to 45 when delivered.[79] Flybe received its first 118-seat Embraer 195 in September 2006, and the aircraft began to replace its existing BAe 146s, completing the fleet rationalisation started in 2003. The E-195s were fitted with a Head-up Guidance System (HGS) and configured to offer single-class service.
In 2018, Flybe completed a review of its future fleet. They contacted several manufacturers including Embraer, ATR and Bombardier Aerospace to find the best fit for the airline.[80] On 16 May 2018, Flybe announced that the Bombardier Q400 would remain its core aircraft, all of the Embraer 195 aircraft in the fleet are to be withdrawn by 2020 but it will retain a number of Embraer E175s for busier routes.[74]
Historical fleet
Flybe has in the past operated a wide variety of aircraft, including:
A former Flybe BAe 146
- BAe 146
- Boeing 737-300
- Bombardier CRJ200
Britten-Norman Islander[81]
de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter[81]
Douglas DC-3 – two inherited from Intra Airways in 1979, both sold in 1980.[82]
Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante[81]
- Embraer ERJ 145
- Fokker F27
Handley Page Dart Herald – inherited from Express Air Services in 1979 and returned to Express Air Services in 1980 when it left the partnership.[82]
Short 330[83]
Short 360[83]
- Bombardier Dash 8 300
Vickers Viscount[82]
Accidents and incidents
- On 23 February 2017, Flybe flight BE 1284, a Bombardier Dash 8 Q400 (G-JECP), had an incident when landing at Amsterdam Schiphol Airport. The aircraft was inbound from Edinburgh. On touchdown, the right main gear of the plane collapsed, leading to damage of the aircraft's right wing structure. No one was injured.[84]
- On 10 November 2017, Flybe flight BE 331, a Bombardier Dash 8 Q400 (G-JEDU) was scheduled to fly from Belfast City to Inverness. The plane had to divert to Belfast International due to technical issues where it landed on its nose, with the front gear retracted. One passenger sustained a minor injury.[85][86]
- On Monday, 6 August 2018, Flybe flight BE 122, a Bombardier Dash 8 Q400, declared a mid-emergency and shut down one engine on approach just before 9am. The flight was scheduled from Glasgow to Belfast. Emergency services rushed to Belfast City Airport and reports say all passengers sustained no injuries.[87]
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^ John Mulligan, "Flybe hopes to make call on airline's fleet later this year, says chief executive", “Irish Independent”, March 2017
^ abc Gould, Ian (13 November 1982). "Channel Islands aviation: Jersey Europeans claims leading regional role". Flight International. Vol. 122 no. 3836. pp. 1451–1452.
^ abc Wickstead 2014, pp.126–128
^ ab "Jersey European buys more 360s". Flight International. Vol. 130 no. 4042. 20 December 1986. p. 5.
^ "FlyBe plane crash lands on the runway at Amsterdam airport". Mail Online. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
^ McDonald, Henry (10 November 2017). "Flybe plane crash-lands at Belfast airport". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
^ "Belfast Flybe flight lands without nose gear". BBC News. Retrieved 11 November 2017.
^ https://www.belfastlive.co.uk/news/belfast-news/belfast-city-airport-incident-sees-14994594
Bibliography
Wright, Alan J. (July 2001). "Independent Survivor". Air International. 61 (1): 48–52.
Wickstead, Maurice J (2014). Airlines of the British Isles since 1919. Air-Britain. ISBN 978-0-85130-456-4.
External links
Media related to Flybe at Wikimedia Commons
- Official website
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