Prime Minister Subject to formal approval by the Queen-in-Council
Term length
Not fixed (typically 1–2 years)
Inaugural holder
Rear-Admiral John de Robeck
Formation
1912-1916
The Admiral of Patrols[1] was a former command appointment within the Admiralty during world war one usually held by a junior flag officer the post was established from 1912 to 1916.
Contents
1History
2Commodore/Admiral of Patrols
3Assistant to Admiral of Patrols
4Patrol formations under this command
5Units
6Auxiliary patrol
7See also
8References
9Attribution
10Sources
11External links
History[edit]
In the preceding years before world war the Admiralty were assessing the need to protect the navy's main capital ships in the future event of any war, which would be augmented by the possible implementation a coastal patrol and mine-sweeping initiative. The need for some sort of patrol protection function being established was indicated by Admiral Sir Charles Beresford as early as 1907.
In 1909 Admiral Fisher obtained a small number of vessels for experimentation, Beginning about 1910 the Admiralty acknowledged that this sort of service may likely be in the form of local coastal patrol support for the regular navy at this time there was a lack of patrol capabilities within the Royal Navy.
On May 1, 1912 the post of Admiral of Patrols was created and under its command consisted four destroyer flotillas until 1913. In 1914, the Board of Admiralty sent an order the Admiralty War Staff asking the Chief of the War Staff to re-evaluate the patrols current functional role operating off the Eastern Coast of Great Britain the First Sea Lord envisaged that its current function of patrolling would now be that of coastal defence [2] but would include an additional force the units of the Auxiliary Patrol. After the implementation took place Admiral de Robeck was replaced by a new commander Commodore George A. Ballard.[3] He assumed the duties of Admiral of Patrols on the 1 May 1914 [4] and held the post until it was abolished in 1917.
Commodore/Admiral of Patrols[edit]
Rank
Flag
Name
Term
Commodore/Admiral, of Patrols
1
Rear-Admiral
John de Robeck
8 April 1912 – 1 May 1914 (initially-Cdre, 1.Cls) [5]
2
Commodore 1st Class
George A, Ballard
1 May 1914 - 1916 (later-R.Adm)[6]
Assistant to Admiral of Patrols[edit]
Captain Walter H. Cowan, 1 May 1912 – 7 February 1914 [7]
Captain Edward G. Lowther-Crofton, 7 February 1914 – 1 February 1916
Auxiliary Patrol Areas I - XXIII (Home Waters) and Auxiliary Patrol Area 1, 5, 8, 10 Mediterranean Sea
Units[edit]
flotilla vessels 1914[10]
Type
Number of units
Sentinel-class cruiser
2
Pathfinder-class cruiser
1
F Class DD
12
Old Destroyers
62
Torpedo boats
24
Other
8
Total
109
flotilla vessels 1915[11]
Type
Number of units
Sentinel-class cruiser
2
Pathfinder-class cruiser
1
F Class DD
8
Old Destroyers
45
Torpedo boats
18
Other
14
Total
80
Auxiliary patrol[edit]
Main article: Auxiliary Patrol
The Auxiliary Patrol was a component force under the (ADMP) and composed of a large number of small craft tasked with minesweeping and anti-submarine patrols, initially around the British Isles, but later also in the Mediterranean. The Auxiliary Patrol was the front-line force in the defence of initially the British Isles, but later also the Mediterranean, against German mines and submarines.
See also[edit]
Dover Patrol
Northern Patrol
Royal Naval Patrol Service
References[edit]
^Abbatiello, John (May 2, 2006). Anti-Submarine Warfare in World War I: British Naval Aviation and the Defeat of the U-Boats. Routledge. p. 84. ISBN 9781135989545..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
^Lambert, Nicholas A. (1999). Sir John Fisher's Naval Revolution (1st paperback print. ed.). Columbia: University of South Carolina Press. p. 286. ISBN 9781570034923.
^Lambert. Sir John Fisher's Naval Revolution. p. 286.
^"Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Friday, 1 May 1914. Issue 40512, col B, p. 6.
^Archives, The National. "Service Record, Robeck, ADM 196/42,f. 128". discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk. The National Archives UK. Retrieved 6 February 2017.
^"Official Appointments and Notices, Military and Naval" (40512). The Times, London, col B, p.6. 1 May 1914.
^Archives, The National. "The Discovery Service, Cowan, Walter Henry, Service Records, ADM 196/43/157, f. 249". discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk. The National Archives. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
^Smith, Gordon. "World War 1 Dispositions of Royal Navy ships". naval-history.net. Naval History.net, 5 January 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
^Dunn, Steve (2017). "4: War August to October 1914". Securing the Narrow Sea: The Dover Patrol 1914 - 1918. Barnsley, England: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 9781848322516.
^Smith, Gordon. "World War 1 Dispositions of Royal Navy ships". naval-history.net. Naval History.net, 5 January 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
^Smith, Gordon. "World War 1 Dispositions of Royal Navy ships". naval-history.net. Naval History.net, 5 January 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
Attribution[edit]
Primary source for this article is by Harley Simon, Lovell Tony, (2017), Admiral of Patrols, dreadnoughtproject.org, http://www.dreadnoughtproject.org.
Sources[edit]
Lambert, Nicholas A. (1999). Sir John Fisher's Naval Revolution. Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press.
ISBN 1570032777
Smith, Gordon. (2015). "World War 1 Dispositions of Royal Navy ships". naval-history.net. Naval History.net.
External links[edit]
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Florida Star v. B. J. F. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation Jump to search United States Supreme Court case Florida Star v. B. J. F. Supreme Court of the United States Argued March 21, 1989 Decided June 21, 1989 Full case name The Florida Star v. B. J. F. Citations 491 U.S. 524 ( more ) 109 S. Ct. 2603; 105 L. Ed. 2d 443; 1989 U.S. LEXIS 3120; 57 U.S.L.W. 4816; 16 Media L. Rep. 1801 Prior history The Florida Star v. B.J.F., 530 So.2d 286 (1988) Supreme Court of Florida; Florida Star v. B.J.F., 499 So.2d 883 (1986) Fla. Dist. Court of Appeals Holding Florida Stat. § 794.03 is unconstitutional to the extent it makes the truthful reporting of information that was a matter of public record unlawful, as it violates the First Amendment. Court membership Chief Justice William Rehnquist Associate Justices William J. Brennan Jr. · Byron White Thurgood Marshall · Harry Blac
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