Eighth Route Army




























































Eighth Route Army

Eighth Route Army fighting on Futuyu Great Wall, 1938.jpg
Eighth Route Army fighting on the Futuyu Great Wall, Laiyuan, Hebei, 1938. Photograph by Sha Fei.

Active 1937–1947
Country
 Republic of China
Allegiance
Flag of the Chinese Communist Party (Pre-1996).svg Communist Party of China
Branch
Flag of the Republic of China Army.svg National Revolutionary Army
Type Route Army
Role Infantry
Size 600,000
Part of
CPC Central Military Commission
Nationalist Government Military Affairs Commission
Garrison/HQ
Shanxi Province and Shaanxi Province
Colors Grey Uniform
Engagements
Second Sino-Japanese War, Chinese Civil War
Commanders
Commander Zhu De
Deputy Commander Peng Dehuai



In July 1937, the Presidium of the Central Military Commission issued an order for the Red Army to reorganize into the National Revolutionary Army and stand by for the anti-Japanese front line.




Former site of the Eighth Route Army Office in Guilin.


The Eighth Route Army (simplified Chinese: 八路军; traditional Chinese: 八路軍; pinyin: Bālù-Jūn), officially known as the 18th Army Group of the National Revolutionary Army of the Republic of China, was a group army under the command of the Chinese Communist Party, nominally within the structure of the Chinese military headed by the Chinese Nationalist Party during the Second Sino-Japanese War.


The Eighth Route Army was created from the Chinese Red Army on September 22, 1937, when the Chinese Communists Chinese Nationalists formed the Second United Front against Japan at the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War, as World War II is known in China. Together with the New Fourth Army, the Eighth Route Army formed the main Communist fighting force during the war and was commanded by Communist party leader Mao Zedong and general Zhu De. Though officially designated the 18th Group Army by the Nationalists, the unit was referred to by the Chinese Communists and Japanese military as the Eighth Route Army. The Eighth Route Army wore Nationalist uniforms and flew the flag of the Republic of China and waged mostly guerrilla war against the Japanese, collaborationist forces and, later in the war, other Nationalist forces. The unit was renamed the People's Liberation Army in 1947, after the end of World War II, as the Chinese Communists and Nationalists resumed the Chinese Civil War.


The Eighth Route Army consisted of three divisions (the 115th, which was commanded by Lin Biao, the 120th under He Long, and the 129th under Liu Bocheng). During World War II, the Eighth Route Army operated mostly in North China, infiltrating behind Japanese lines, to establish guerrilla bases in rural and remote areas. The main units of the Eighth Route Army were aided by local militias organized from the peasantry.


The Communist Party's liaison offices in cities under Nationalist control such as Chongqing, Guilin and Dihua (Ürümqi) that were called Eighth Route Army Offices.


Ethnic Koreans who fought in the Eighth Route Army later joined the Korean People's Army, the Communist army of North Korea in the Korean War.


Norman Bethune, a Canadian doctor and communist, served with the Eighth Route Army.[1]




Contents






  • 1 Organization


    • 1.1 1937


    • 1.2 1940




  • 2 See also


  • 3 References





Organization



1937


In August 1937 the Eighth Route Army had three divisions .























































Division
Commander
Order of battle
Commander
Troop strength
115th Division

Lin Biao(林彪)
343th Brigade
Chen Guang(陈光)
15,000
344th Brigade

Xu Haidong(徐海东)
Independent Regimental

Yang Chengwu(杨成武)
120th Division

He Long(贺龙)
358th Brigade
Lu Dongsheng(卢冬升)
14,000
359th Brigade

Chen Bojun(陈伯钧)
Teaching Regimental
Peng Shaohui(彭绍辉)
129th Division

Liu Bocheng(刘伯承)
385th Brigade
Wang Hongkun(王宏坤)
13,000
386th Brigade

Chen Geng(陈赓)
Teaching Regimental
Zhang Xian(张贤)


1940


In Winter 1940 the Eighth Route Army had already 400,000 soldiers .















































































































































































Division
Commander
Order of battle
Commander
Troop strength
115th Division

Chen Guang(陈光)
1st Teaching Brigade
Peng Mingzhi(彭明治)
70,000
2nd Teaching Brigade

Zeng Guohua(曾国华)
3rd Teaching Brigade
Western Shandong Military Region

Yang Yong(杨勇)
4th Teaching Brigade
Western Lake Military Region
Deng Keming(邓克明)
5th Teaching Brigade
Liang Xingchu(梁兴初)
6th Teaching Brigade
Shandong and Hebei Military Region
Xing Renfu(邢仁甫)
Southern Shandong Military Region
Zhang Guangzhong(张光中)
Shandong Column
Zhang Jingwu(张经武)
1st Brigade

Wang Jian'an (王建安)
51,000
2nd Brigade
Sun Jixian(孙继先)
3rd Brigade

Xu Shiyou(许世友)
5th Brigade
Wu Kehua(吴克华)
1st Detachment
Hu Qicai(胡奇才)
4th Detachment
Zhao Jie(赵杰)
5th Detachment
Wang Bin(王彬)
120th Division
Western and Northern Shanxi Military Region

He Long(贺龙)
1st Independent Brigade
4th Military Subarea
Gao Shiyi(高士一)
51,000
2nd Independent Brigade
2nd Military Subarea
Peng Shaohui(彭绍辉)
358th Brigade
3rd Military Subarea

Zhang Zongxun(张宗逊)
2nd Shanxi Youth Column
8th Military Subarea
Han Jun(韩钧)
Cavalry Detachment
Yao Zhe(姚喆)
129th Division

Liu Bocheng(刘伯承)
Taihang Mountain Military Subarea

Liu Bocheng(刘伯承)
56,000
386th Brigade
Taiyue Mountain Military Subarea

Chen Geng(陈赓)
Southern Hebei Military Subarea

Chen Zaidao(陈再道)
Shanxi,Hebei and Chahaer Military Region

Nie Rongzhen(聂荣臻)
1st Military Subarea
Yang Chengwu(杨成武)
100,000
2nd Military Subarea
Guo Tianmin(郭天民)
3rd Military Subarea

Huang Yongsheng(黄永胜)
4th Military Subarea
Xiong Botao(熊伯涛)
5th Military Subarea

Deng Hua(邓华)
3rd Column
Middle Hebei Military Region

Lv Zhengcao(吕正操)
Advanced Detachment

Xiao Ke(萧克)
Shaanxi Left Behind Corps

Xiao Jinguang(肖劲光)
385th Brigade
Wang Weizhou(王维舟)
22,600
359th Brigade

Wang Zhen (王震)
1th Security Brigade
Wen Niansheng(文年生)
Security Command

Gao Gang(高岗)
Others

2nd Column
Hebei,Shandong and Henan Military Region

Yang Dezhi(杨得志)
50,000
4th Column

Peng Xuefeng(彭雪枫)
5th Column

Huang Kecheng(黄克诚)


See also



  • Guerrilla

  • National Revolutionary Army

  • People's Liberation Army



References





  1. ^ Tse-tung, Mao. "IN MEMORY OF NORMAN BETHUNE". www.marxists.org..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}









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