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Ricoh 5A22









Ricoh 5A22


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The Ricoh 5A22 is a microprocessor produced by Ricoh for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES) video game console. The 5A22 is based on the 8/16-bit CMD/GTE 65c816, itself a version of the WDC 65C816 (used in the Apple IIGS personal computer). It has a 8-bit data bus, a 16-bit accumulator, a 24-bit address bus, and is based on the MOS Technology 6502 family of processors.




Contents






  • 1 Major features


  • 2 Performance


  • 3 See also


  • 4 References





Major features[edit]




Ricoh 5A22


In addition to the 65C816 CPU core, the 5A22 contains support hardware, including:



  • Controller port interface circuits, including serial access to controller data

  • An 8-bit parallel I/O port, which is mostly unused in the SNES

  • Circuitry for generating non-maskable interrupts on V-blank

  • Circuitry for generating interrupts on calculated screen positions

  • A DMA unit, supporting two primary modes:

    • General DMA, for block transfers at a rate of 2.68 MB/s


    • H-blank DMA, for transferring small data sets at the end of each scanline outside of the active display period




  • Multiplication and division registers

  • Two separate address busses driving the 8-bit data bus: a 24-bit "Bus A" for general access, and an 8-bit "Bus B" mainly for APU and PPU registers



Performance[edit]


The CPU as a whole employs a variable-speed system bus, with bus access times determined by the memory location accessed. The bus runs at 3.58 MHz for non-access cycles and when accessing Bus B and most internal registers, and either 2.68 or 3.58 MHz when accessing Bus A. It runs at 1.79 MHz only when accessing the controller port serial-access registers.[1] It works at approximately 1.5 MIPS and has a theoretical peak of 1.79 million 16-bit adds per second.



See also[edit]


  • Super Nintendo Entertainment System technical specifications


References[edit]





  1. ^ anomie. "Anomie's SNES Memory Mapping Doc" (text). Retrieved 2009-03-16..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}





















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