1986 in spaceflight
1986 in spaceflight
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 | The Timeline of Spaceflight WikiProject has identified this article as requiring cleanup and/or expansion to ensure consistency with other timeline articles. Details Concerns have been raised that:
See Wikipedia:WikiProject Timeline of spaceflight for guidelines on how to improve the article. |  |
 Space Shuttle Challenger disintegrates during the launch of STS-51-L, killing all seven astronauts | |
| National firsts | |
|---|---|
| Satellite |  Sweden |
| Rockets | |
| Maiden flights | Ariane 2 |
| Retirements | Ariane 1 Space Shuttle Challenger |
| Crewed flights | |
| Orbital | 2 |
| Total travellers | 9 |
The year 1986 saw the destruction of Space Shuttle Challenger shortly after lift-off, killing all seven aboard,[1] the first in-flight deaths of American astronauts. This accident followed the successful flight of Columbia just weeks earlier,[2] and dealt a major setback to the U.S. manned space program, suspending the Shuttle program for 32 months.[3]
The year also saw numerous fly-bys of Halley's Comet as well as other successes.
Contents
1 Launches
1.1 January
1.2 February
1.3 March
1.4 April
1.5 May
1.6 August
1.7 September
1.8 November
1.9 December
2 Deep space rendezvous
3 EVAs
4 References
Launches[edit]
|
| Date and time (UTC) | Rocket | Flight number | Launch site | LSP | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Payload (⚀ = CubeSat) | Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome | ||
Remarks | |||||||
| |||||||
12 January 11:55 |  Space Shuttle Columbia | Kennedy LC-39A | United Space Alliance | ||||
| STS-61-C | NASA | Low Earth | Satellite deployment | 18 January 13:58 | Successful | ||
| Satcom K1 | RCA Americom | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| MSL-2 | NASA | Low Earth (Columbia) | Microgravity experiments | 18 January 13:58 | Successful | ||
| Getaway Special Bridge | NASA | Low Earth (Columbia) | Getaway Special carrier | 18 January 13:58 | Successful | ||
| Manned orbital flight with seven astronauts; Maiden flight of the Getaway Special Bridge | |||||||
28 January 16:38 | Space Shuttle Challenger | Kennedy LC-39B | United Space Alliance | ||||
| STS-51-L | NASA | Intended: Low Earth | Satellite deployment | + 73 seconds | Launch failure | ||
| TDRS-B | NASA | Intended: Geosynchronous | Communications | ||||
| SPARTAN 203 | NASA | Intended: Low Earth | Examine Halley's Comet | ||||
Space Shuttle Challenger disaster; Vehicle disintegrated at + 73 seconds from an O-ring failure in the right SRB. All seven astronauts were killed, including Christa McAuliffe, the intended first Teacher in Space. First Shuttle launch from LC-39B. | |||||||
| |||||||
9 February 10:06 | Atlas H | Vandenberg SLC-3E | | ||||
| USA-15 (NOSS-8) | US Navy | Low Earth | SIGINT | In orbit | Successful | ||
| USA-16 (NOSS) | US Navy | Low Earth | SIGINT | In orbit | Successful | ||
| USA-17 (NOSS) | US Navy | Low Earth | SIGINT | In orbit | Successful | ||
| USA-18 (NOSS) | US Navy | Low Earth | SIGINT | In orbit | Successful | ||
19 February 21:28 |  Proton-K | Baikonur Site 200/39 | | ||||
| DOS-7 (Mir Core) | Low Earth (Mir) | Space station | 23 March 2001 05:07 | Successful | |||
| Core module of the Mir space station | |||||||
22 February 01:44 |  Ariane 1 |  Kourou ELA | Arianespace | ||||
| SPOT 1 | CNES | Sun-synchronous | Earth observation | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Viking | SSC | Sun-synchronous | Plasma research | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Final flight of Ariane 1 SPOT 1 retired on 31 December 1990 and orbit was lowered to a disposal orbit in 2003 Viking is the first Swedish satellite, and operations concluded on 12 May 1987 | |||||||
| |||||||
13 March 12:33 | Soyuz-U2 | Baikonur Site 1/5 | | ||||
| Soyuz T-15 | Low Earth (Salyut 7 and Mir) | Salyut 7 EO-5 Mir EO-1 | 16 July 12:34 | Successful | |||
| Manned orbital flight with two cosmonauts; Final manned spaceflight to Salyut 7 and the first to Mir. Final flight of the Soyuz-T spacecraft. Only spacecraft to dock with two space stations during one flight. | |||||||
19 March 10:08 | Soyuz-U2 | Baikonur Site 1/5 | | ||||
| Progress 25 | Low Earth (Mir) | Logistics | 21 April 00:48 | Successful | |||
28 March 23:30 | Ariane 3 | Kourou ELA | Arianespace | ||||
| GStar 2 | GTE Spacenet | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
 Brasilsat-A2 | Embratel | Current: Graveyard Operational: Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Brasilsat-A2 was retired on 6 March 2004 and moved 200 kilometres (120 mi) higher to a graveyard orbit | |||||||
| |||||||
18 April 17:45 | Titan 34D | Vandenberg SLC-4E | | ||||
| KH-9-20 | NRO | Intended: Sun-synchronous | Reconnaissance | + 8.5 seconds | Launch Failure | ||
| SSF-D-6 | NRO | Intended: Sun-synchronous | ELINT | ||||
| SRM burnthrough, exploded 8.5 seconds after launch Final flight of the KH-9 spacecraft | |||||||
23 April 19:40 | Soyuz-U2 | Baikonur Site 1/5 | | ||||
| Progress 26 | Low Earth (Mir) | Logistics | 23 June 18:41 | Successful | |||
| |||||||
3 May 22:18 | Delta 3914 | Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 17A | McDonnell Douglas | ||||
| GOES-G | NOAA, NASA | Geostationary | Weather satellite | 3 May | Launch Failure | ||
| Rocket destroyed 71 sec. after liftoff due to engine shutdown; First launch from CCAFS after Space Shuttle Challenger disaster | |||||||
21 May 08:21 | Soyuz-U2 | Baikonur Site 1/5 | | ||||
| Soyuz TM-1 | Low Earth (Mir) | Test flight | 30 May 04:26 | Successful | |||
| Maiden flight of Soyuz-TM spacecraft; Unmanned test flight | |||||||
31 May 00:53 | Ariane 2 | Kourou ELA | Arianespace | ||||
 Intelsat 514 | Intelsat | Intended: Geosynchronous | Communications | 31 May | Launch Failure | ||
| Maiden flight of Ariane 2; Third stage failed to ignite | |||||||
| |||||||
28 August 08:02 | Molniya-M/2BL | Plesetsk Site 16/2 | | ||||
| Kosmos 1774 (Oko) | Molniya | Missile defence | 2 November 2010 15:14 | Successful | |||
| |||||||
17 September 15:52 | Atlas E/Star-37S-ISS | Vandenberg SLC-3W | | ||||
| NOAA-10 (NOAA-G) | NOAA | Sun-synchronous | Meteorology | In orbit | Successful | ||
| |||||||
14 November 00:23 | Scout G-1 | Vandenberg SLC-5 | US Air Force | ||||
| Polar BEAR P87-1 | US Air Force/STP | Low Earth (Polar) | In orbit | Successful | |||
| |||||||
5 December 02:30 | Atlas G | Cape Canaveral LC-36B | | ||||
| USA-20 (FLTSATCOM 7) | US Navy | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
|
Deep space rendezvous[edit]
| Date (GMT) | Spacecraft | Event | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| 24 January | Voyager 2 | Flyby of Uranus | Closest approach: 71,000 kilometres (44,000 mi) |
| 6 March | Vega 1 | Flyby of Halley's Comet | Closest approach: 8,890 kilometres (5,520 mi) |
| 8 March | Suisei | Flyby of Halley's Comet | Closest approach: 151,000 kilometres (94,000 mi) |
| 9 March | Vega 2 | Flyby of Halley's Comet | Closest approach: 8,030 kilometres (4,990 mi) |
| 11 March | Sakigake | Distant flyby of Halley's Comet | Closest approach: 6,990,000 kilometres (4,340,000 mi) |
| 14 March | Giotto | Flyby of Halley's Comet | Closest approach: 595 kilometres (370 mi) |
EVAs[edit]
| Start date/time | Duration | End time | Spacecraft | Crew | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 28 May 05:43 | 3 hours 50 minutes | 09:33 | Salyut 7 EO-5 | Leonid KizimVladimir Solovyov | Retrieved test panels from the outside of Salyut 7 and assembled a test "girder-constructor" apparatus in preparation for work on Mir. |
| 31 May 04:57 | 5 hours | 09:57 | Salyut 7 EO-5 | Leonid KizimVladimir Solovyov | Conducted additional tests on the experimental construction equipment, including the welding of several girders joints. |
References[edit]
^ "NASA - STS-51L Mission Profile". NASA.gov. NASA. Retrieved 3 March 2017..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
^ "Mission Archives: STS-61-C". NASA.gov. NASA. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
^ "Mission Archives: STS-26". NASA.gov. NASA. Retrieved 19 February 2017.
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| Generic references: |
| Preceded by 1985 | Timeline of spaceflight 1986 | Succeeded by 1987 |
Categories:
- 1986 in spaceflight
- Years in spaceflight
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