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1986 in spaceflight


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1986 in spaceflight

Challenger explosion.jpg

Space Shuttle Challenger disintegrates during the launch of STS-51-L, killing all seven astronauts

National firsts
Satellite
 Sweden
Rockets
Maiden flights
Ariane 2
Retirements
Ariane 1
Space Shuttle Challenger
Crewed flights
Orbital
2
Total travellers
9

  • v

  • t

  • e


The year 1986 saw the destruction of Space Shuttle Challenger shortly after lift-off, killing all seven aboard,[1] the first in-flight deaths of American astronauts. This accident followed the successful flight of Columbia just weeks earlier,[2] and dealt a major setback to the U.S. manned space program, suspending the Shuttle program for 32 months.[3]


The year also saw numerous fly-bys of Halley's Comet as well as other successes.





Contents






  • 1 Launches


    • 1.1 January


    • 1.2 February


    • 1.3 March


    • 1.4 April


    • 1.5 May


    • 1.6 August


    • 1.7 September


    • 1.8 November


    • 1.9 December




  • 2 Deep space rendezvous


  • 3 EVAs


  • 4 References






Launches[edit]


This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.




  • ← Jan

  • Feb

  • Mar

  • Apr

  • May

  • Jun

  • Jul

  • Aug

  • Sep

  • Oct

  • Nov


  • Dec →
























































































































































































































































































































































































Date and time (UTC)
Rocket
 Flight number
Launch site
LSP

Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)
Operator
Orbit
Function
Decay (UTC)
Outcome

Remarks


January[edit]



12 January
11:55
United StatesSpace Shuttle Columbia

United StatesKennedy LC-39A
United StatesUnited Space Alliance

United StatesSTS-61-C
NASA
Low Earth
 Satellite deployment
18 January
13:58
 Successful

United StatesSatcom K1
RCA Americom
Geosynchronous
 Communications In orbit Successful

United StatesMSL-2
 NASA
 Low Earth (Columbia)
 Microgravity experiments
18 January
13:58
 Successful

United StatesGetaway Special Bridge
 NASA
 Low Earth (Columbia)
Getaway Special carrier
18 January
13:58
 Successful
Manned orbital flight with seven astronauts; Maiden flight of the Getaway Special Bridge

28 January
16:38
United StatesSpace Shuttle Challenger

United StatesKennedy LC-39B
United StatesUnited Space Alliance

United StatesSTS-51-L
 NASA
 Intended: Low Earth
 Satellite deployment
+ 73 seconds
 Launch failure

United StatesTDRS-B
 NASA
 Intended: Geosynchronous
 Communications

United StatesSPARTAN 203
 NASA
 Intended: Low Earth
 Examine Halley's Comet

Space Shuttle Challenger disaster; Vehicle disintegrated at + 73 seconds from an O-ring failure in the right SRB.
All seven astronauts were killed, including Christa McAuliffe, the intended first Teacher in Space.
First Shuttle launch from LC-39B.


February[edit]



9 February
10:06
United StatesAtlas H

United StatesVandenberg SLC-3E
United States

United StatesUSA-15 (NOSS-8)
 US Navy
 Low Earth
 SIGINT In orbit Successful

United StatesUSA-16 (NOSS)
 US Navy
 Low Earth
 SIGINT In orbit Successful

United StatesUSA-17 (NOSS)
 US Navy
 Low Earth
 SIGINT In orbit Successful

United StatesUSA-18 (NOSS)
 US Navy
 Low Earth
 SIGINT In orbit Successful

19 February
21:28
Soviet UnionProton-K

Soviet UnionBaikonur Site 200/39
Soviet Union

Soviet UnionDOS-7 (Mir Core)
Low Earth (Mir)
 Space station
23 March 2001
05:07
 Successful
Core module of the Mir space station

22 February
01:44
European UnionAriane 1

FranceKourou ELA
FranceArianespace

FranceSPOT 1
CNES
Sun-synchronous
 Earth observation In orbit Successful

SwedenViking
SSC
 Sun-synchronous
 Plasma research In orbit Successful
Final flight of Ariane 1
SPOT 1 retired on 31 December 1990 and orbit was lowered to a disposal orbit in 2003
Viking is the first Swedish satellite, and operations concluded on 12 May 1987


March[edit]



13 March
12:33
Soviet UnionSoyuz-U2

Soviet UnionBaikonur Site 1/5
Soviet Union

Soviet UnionSoyuz T-15
Low Earth
(Salyut 7 and Mir)
Salyut 7 EO-5
Mir EO-1
16 July
12:34
 Successful
Manned orbital flight with two cosmonauts; Final manned spaceflight to Salyut 7 and the first to Mir.
Final flight of the Soyuz-T spacecraft.
Only spacecraft to dock with two space stations during one flight.

19 March
10:08
Soviet UnionSoyuz-U2

Soviet UnionBaikonur Site 1/5
Soviet Union

Soviet UnionProgress 25
Low Earth (Mir)
 Logistics
21 April
00:48
 Successful

28 March
23:30
European UnionAriane 3

FranceKourou ELA
FranceArianespace

United StatesGStar 2
GTE Spacenet
 Geosynchronous
 Communications In orbit Successful

BrazilBrasilsat-A2
Embratel
 Current: Graveyard
Operational: Geosynchronous
 Communications In orbit Successful
Brasilsat-A2 was retired on 6 March 2004 and moved 200 kilometres (120 mi) higher to a graveyard orbit


April[edit]



18 April
17:45
United StatesTitan 34D

United StatesVandenberg SLC-4E
United States

United StatesKH-9-20
NRO
 Intended: Sun-synchronous
 Reconnaissance
+ 8.5 seconds
 Launch Failure

United StatesSSF-D-6
 NRO
 Intended: Sun-synchronous
 ELINT
SRM burnthrough, exploded 8.5 seconds after launch
Final flight of the KH-9 spacecraft

23 April
19:40
Soviet UnionSoyuz-U2

Soviet UnionBaikonur Site 1/5
Soviet Union

Soviet UnionProgress 26
Low Earth (Mir)
 Logistics
23 June
18:41
 Successful


May[edit]



3 May
22:18
United StatesDelta 3914

United StatesCape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 17A
United StatesMcDonnell Douglas

United StatesGOES-G
NOAA, NASA
 Geostationary
 Weather satellite
3 May
 Launch Failure
Rocket destroyed 71 sec. after liftoff due to engine shutdown; First launch from CCAFS after Space Shuttle Challenger disaster

21 May
08:21
Soviet UnionSoyuz-U2

Soviet UnionBaikonur Site 1/5
Soviet Union

Soviet UnionSoyuz TM-1
Low Earth (Mir)
 Test flight
30 May
04:26
 Successful
Maiden flight of Soyuz-TM spacecraft; Unmanned test flight

31 May
00:53
European UnionAriane 2

FranceKourou ELA
FranceArianespace

United NationsIntelsat 514
Intelsat
 Intended: Geosynchronous
 Communications
31 May
 Launch Failure
Maiden flight of Ariane 2; Third stage failed to ignite


August[edit]



28 August
08:02
Soviet UnionMolniya-M/2BL

Soviet UnionPlesetsk Site 16/2
Soviet Union

Soviet UnionKosmos 1774 (Oko)

Molniya
 Missile defence
2 November 2010
15:14
 Successful


September[edit]



17 September
15:52
United StatesAtlas E/Star-37S-ISS

United StatesVandenberg SLC-3W
United States

United StatesNOAA-10 (NOAA-G)
NOAA
 Sun-synchronous
 Meteorology In orbit Successful


November[edit]



14 November
00:23
United StatesScout G-1

United StatesVandenberg SLC-5
United StatesUS Air Force

United StatesPolar BEAR P87-1
 US Air Force/STP
 Low Earth (Polar)
 In orbit Successful


December[edit]



5 December
02:30
United StatesAtlas G

United StatesCape Canaveral LC-36B
United States

United StatesUSA-20 (FLTSATCOM 7)
 US Navy
 Geosynchronous
 Communications In orbit Successful




  • ← Jan

  • Feb

  • Mar

  • Apr

  • May

  • Jun

  • Jul

  • Aug

  • Sep

  • Oct

  • Nov


  • Dec →




Deep space rendezvous[edit]













































Date (GMT)
 Spacecraft
 Event
 Remarks
24 January Voyager 2 Flyby of Uranus
 Closest approach: 71,000 kilometres (44,000 mi)
6 March Vega 1 Flyby of Halley's Comet
 Closest approach: 8,890 kilometres (5,520 mi)
8 March Suisei Flyby of Halley's Comet Closest approach: 151,000 kilometres (94,000 mi)
9 March Vega 2 Flyby of Halley's Comet Closest approach: 8,030 kilometres (4,990 mi)
11 March Sakigake Distant flyby of Halley's Comet Closest approach: 6,990,000 kilometres (4,340,000 mi)
14 March Giotto Flyby of Halley's Comet Closest approach: 595 kilometres (370 mi)


EVAs[edit]



























Start date/time
 Duration
 End time
 Spacecraft
 Crew
 Remarks
28 May
05:43
 3 hours
50 minutes
 09:33
Salyut 7 EO-5
Soviet UnionLeonid Kizim
Soviet UnionVladimir Solovyov
 Retrieved test panels from the outside of Salyut 7 and assembled a test "girder-constructor" apparatus in preparation for work on Mir.
31 May
04:57
 5 hours
 09:57
 Salyut 7 EO-5
Soviet UnionLeonid Kizim
Soviet UnionVladimir Solovyov
 Conducted additional tests on the experimental construction equipment, including the welding of several girders joints.


References[edit]





  1. ^ "NASA - STS-51L Mission Profile". NASA.gov. NASA. Retrieved 3 March 2017..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ "Mission Archives: STS-61-C". NASA.gov. NASA. Retrieved 3 March 2017.


  3. ^ "Mission Archives: STS-26". NASA.gov. NASA. Retrieved 19 February 2017.







.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{list-style-type:none;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>dl>dd{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}



  • Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".


  • Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".


  • Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.


  • Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".


  • Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report".


  • McDowell, Jonathan. "Jonathan's Space Report".


  • Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".


  • Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".


  • Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".


  • Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".


  • "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.


  • "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.


  • "Space Calendar". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.


  • "Space Information Center". JAXA.


  • "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).
Generic references:

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Preceded by
1985
Timeline of spaceflight
1986
 Succeeded by
1987










Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1986_in_spaceflight&oldid=845890298"





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