Portsmouth, Virginia




Independent city in Virginia, United States












































































Portsmouth, Virginia
Independent city

Downtown Portsmouth
Downtown Portsmouth


Flag of Portsmouth, Virginia
Flag

Location in the Commonwealth of Virginia
Location in the Commonwealth of Virginia



Portsmouth, Virginia is located in the US

Portsmouth, Virginia

Portsmouth, Virginia



Location in the United States

Coordinates: 36°50′04″N 76°20′30″W / 36.83444°N 76.34167°W / 36.83444; -76.34167Coordinates: 36°50′04″N 76°20′30″W / 36.83444°N 76.34167°W / 36.83444; -76.34167
Country
 United States
State
 Virginia
Founded 1752
Government

 • Mayor
 John Rowe
Area

 • Total
120 km2 (47 sq mi)
 • Land 90 km2 (34 sq mi)
 • Water 30 km2 (13 sq mi)
Elevation

 6 m (20 ft)
Population
(2010)

 • Total 95,535
 • Density 780/km2 (2,000/sq mi)
Time zone
UTC−5 (EST)
 • Summer (DST)
UTC−4 (EDT)
Area code(s) 757
FIPS code 51-64000[1]

GNIS feature ID		 1497102[2]
Website http://www.portsmouthva.gov/

Portsmouth is an independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 95,535.[3] It is part of the Hampton Roads metropolitan area.


The Norfolk Naval Shipyard, often called the Norfolk Navy Yard, is a historic and active U.S. Navy facility that is actually located in Portsmouth rather than Norfolk; the original name "Gosport" was changed to "Norfolk" to reflect its location in what is now the former Norfolk County, Virginia. The shipyard upgrades, remodels, and repairs ships of the US Navy and is one of the few facilities in the world with the capability to dry dock an aircraft carrier.


Directly opposite Norfolk, the city of Portsmouth also has miles of waterfront land on the Elizabeth River as part of the harbor of Hampton Roads. There is a ferry boat that takes riders back and forth across the water between Downtown Norfolk and Olde Towne Portsmouth.




Contents






  • 1 History


    • 1.1 Timeline




  • 2 Historic sites


    • 2.1 Olde Towne


    • 2.2 Naval Medical Center Portsmouth


    • 2.3 Seaboard Coastline Building


    • 2.4 The Hill House


    • 2.5 Cedar Grove Cemetery




  • 3 Geography


    • 3.1 Climate




  • 4 Demographics


  • 5 Arts and culture


    • 5.1 Tourism




  • 6 Sports


  • 7 Government


  • 8 Education


    • 8.1 Primary and secondary schools


    • 8.2 Higher education




  • 9 Media


  • 10 Infrastructure


    • 10.1 Transportation




  • 11 Notable people


  • 12 Sister cities


  • 13 See also


  • 14 Notes


  • 15 References


  • 16 Bibliography


  • 17 External links





History


Portsmouth is located on the western side of the Elizabeth River directly across from the City of Norfolk. In 1620, the future site of Portsmouth was recognized as suitable shipbuilding location by John Wood, a shipbuilder, who petitioned King James I of England for a land grant. The surrounding area was soon settled as a plantation community.[4]




Harbor at Portsmouth in 1843; the Naval Hospital is visible in the background


Portsmouth was founded by Colonel William Crawford, a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses.[5] It was established as a town in 1752 by an act of the Virginia General Assembly and was named for Portsmouth, England.[4]


In 1767, Andrew Sprowle, a shipbuilder, founded the Gosport Shipyard adjacent to Portsmouth. The Gosport Shipyard at Portsmouth was owned by the Commonwealth of Virginia after the American Revolutionary War and was sold to the new United States federal government.


In 1855, the Portsmouth and Norfolk area suffered an epidemic of yellow fever which killed 1 of every three citizens. It became an independent city from Norfolk County in 1858.


During the American Civil War, in 1861, Virginia joined the Confederate States of America. Fearing that the Confederacy would take control of the shipyard at Portsmouth, the shipyard commander ordered the burning of the shipyard. The Confederate forces did in fact take over the shipyard, and did so without armed conflict through an elaborate ruse orchestrated by civilian railroad builder William Mahone (soon to become a famous Confederate officer). The Union forces withdrew to Fort Monroe across Hampton Roads, which was the only land in the area which remained under Union control.


In early 1862, the Confederate ironclad warship CSS Virginia was rebuilt using the burned-out hulk of USS Merrimack. Virginia engaged the Union ironclad USS Monitor in the famous Battle of Hampton Roads during the Union blockade of Hampton Roads. The Confederates burned the shipyard again when they left in May 1862.


Following the recapture of Norfolk and Portsmouth by the Union forces, the name of the shipyard was changed to Norfolk Naval Shipyard. The name of the shipyard was derived from its location in Norfolk County. The Norfolk Naval Shipyard today is located entirely within the city limits of Portsmouth, Virginia. The Norfolk Naval Shipyard name has been retained to minimize any confusion with the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, which itself is actually located in Kittery, Maine, across the Piscataqua River from Portsmouth, New Hampshire.




The Lightship Portsmouth is part of the Naval Shipyard Museum


Portsmouth was the county seat of Norfolk County until 1963 when the new city of Chesapeake was formed in a political consolidation with the city of South Norfolk. Portsmouth's other county neighbor, the former Nansemond County, also consolidated with a smaller city, forming the new city of Suffolk in 1974.


One of the older cities of Hampton Roads, in the early 21st century, Portsmouth was undergoing moderate urban renewal in the downtown.


The APM "MAERSK" marine terminal for container ships opened in 2007 in the West Norfolk section.



Timeline



Timeline of Portsmouth, Virginia



  • 1752 - Portsmouth founded by politician William Crawford; named after Portsmouth, England.[6]

  • 1779 - Portsmouth sacked by British forces during the American Revolutionary War.[7]

  • 1812 - Dismal Swamp Canal opens.[8]

  • 1821 - Fire.[9]

  • 1822 - Norfolk-Portsmouth steam ferry begins operating.[9]

  • 1824 - October 25: Lafayette visits Portsmouth.[10]

  • 1836 - Town of Portsmouth incorporated.[6]

  • 1837 - Portsmouth & Roanoke Railroad begins operating.[9]

  • 1840 - Population: 6,477.[11]

  • 1846 - Norfolk County Courthouse built.[9]

  • 1850 - Population: 8,626.[11]

  • 1855 - Yellow fever outbreak.[12]

  • 1858 - City of Portsmouth incorporated as an independent city (separated from Norfolk County).[6]

  • 1865 - Zion Baptist Church founded.[13][14]

  • 1867 - Virginia Baptist State Convention organized during a meeting in Portsmouth.[15]

  • 1870 - Population: 10,590.

  • 1900 - Lyceum Theatre in business.[16]

  • 1910 - Population: 33,190.

  • 1914 - Portsmouth Public Library opens.

  • 1922 - Chevra Thilim Synagogue built.[17]

  • 1939 - Lyric Theatre in business.[16]

  • 1949 - Portsmouth Naval Shipyard Museum established.[18]

  • 1950 - Population: 80,039.

  • 1952 - Downtown Tunnel opens.

  • 1955 - Portsmouth Historical Association founded.[18]

  • 1957 - WAVY-TV begins broadcasting.[10]

  • 1960 - Population: 114,773.

  • 1963 - Public Library's "Local History Room" established.[19]

  • 1966 - Virginia Sports Hall of Fame and Museum established.[9]

  • 1974 - Richard Joseph Davis becomes mayor.

  • 1981 - Portsmouth Times newspaper begins publication.[20]

  • 1984 - James W. Holley, III becomes mayor.

  • 1993 - Bobby Scott becomes U.S. representative for Virginia's 3rd congressional district.[21]

  • 1998 - Museum of Military History established.[18]

  • 2001 - Randy Forbes becomes U.S. representative for Virginia's 4th congressional district.[22]

  • 2010 - Population: 95,535.[23]

  • 2017 - John L. Rowe, Jr. becomes mayor.[24]





Historic sites



Portsmouth courthouse in the Olde Towne historic district

Built in 1846, the Portsmouth Courthouse is a historic landmark in the center of the Olde Towne Historic District.



Olde Towne


The Olde Towne Historic District features one of the largest collections of historically significant homes between Alexandria, Virginia and Charleston, South Carolina.[25] The Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church was built by slaves and free men and is the second-oldest building in Portsmouth and the city's oldest black church.


The city contains a number of other historic buildings, as well, including the Pass House, which was built in 1841 by Judge James Murdaugh and occupied by Union troops from 1862 to 1865. Federal forces required Portsmouth residents to obtain a written pass to travel across the Elizabeth River and beyond. These passes were issued from the English basement and thus the name "Pass House" was derived.



Naval Medical Center Portsmouth


Formerly the Naval Hospital Portsmouth, the Naval Medical Center Portsmouth is a United States Navy medical center adjacent to the Olde Towne Historic District and Park View Historic District. Founded in 1827, it is the oldest continuously running hospital in the Navy medical system with the motto "First and Finest."[26]



Seaboard Coastline Building


Located at 1 High Street in the Olde Towne Historic District, the Seaboard Coastline Building is a historic train station and former headquarters of the Seaboard Air Line railroad company.



The Hill House


Four-story 1825 English basement home furnished entirely with original family belongings. It is evident from the furnishings that the Hill family were avid collectors and lived graciously over a period of 150 years. The house remains in its original condition, with limited renovation through the years.



Cedar Grove Cemetery


Established in 1832, Cedar Grove Cemetery is the oldest city-owned cemetery in Portsmouth. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places listings in Portsmouth, Virginia, the cemetery is noted for its funerary art and the civic, business, maritime, religious and military leaders who are buried there. Historical markers placed throughout the cemetery allow for self-guided tours. The cemetery is located between Effingham Street and Fort Lane in Olde Towne Portsmouth. Entrance is through the south gate to the cemetery, located on London Boulevard.



Geography





Newport News, Hampton, Portsmouth and Norfolk, Virginia from space in July 1996. (Portsmouth is in the center right portion of the photo)


According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 47 square miles (120 km2), of which 34 square miles (88 km2) is land and 13 square miles (34 km2) (28.0%) is water. The city is also bisected by the West Branch of the Elizabeth River which flows from neighboring Suffolk[27]



Climate


Portsmouth's mild humid subtropical climate means outdoor activities can be enjoyed year round. The weather in Portsmouth is temperate and seasonal. Summers are hot and humid with warm evenings. The mean annual temperature is 65 °F (18 °C), with an average annual snowfall of 3 inches and an average annual rainfall of 47 inches. No measurable snow fell in 1999. The wettest seasons are the spring and summer, although rainfall is fairly constant all year round. The highest recorded temperature was 105.0 °F in 1980. The lowest recorded temperature was -3.0 °F on January 21, 1985.[28]


Additionally, the geographic location of the city, with respect to the principal storm tracks, is especially favorable, as it is south of the average path of storms originating in the higher latitudes, and north of the usual tracks of hurricanes and other major tropical storms.[29] Snow falls rarely, averaging 3 inches (76 mm) per season.[30]







































































































































































































































Demographics





























































































































Historical population
Census Pop.
%±
1840 6,477 —
1850 8,626 33.2%
1860 9,496 10.1%
1870 10,590 11.5%
1880 11,390 7.6%
1890 13,268 16.5%
1900 17,427 31.3%
1910 33,190 90.5%
1920 54,387 63.9%
1930 45,704 −16.0%
1940 50,745 11.0%
1950 80,039 57.7%
1960 114,773 43.4%
1970 110,963 −3.3%
1980 104,577 −5.8%
1990 103,910 −0.6%
2000 100,565 −3.2%
2010 95,535 −5.0%
Est. 2016 95,252 [33] −0.3%
U.S. Decennial Census[34]
1790-1960[35] 1900-1990[36]
1990-2000[37] 2010-2013[3]



Age distribution in Portsmouth


As of the census[38] of 2010, there were 95,535 people, 38,170 households, and 25,497 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,032.7 people per square mile (1,170.9/km²). There were 41,605 housing units at an average density of 1,254.7 per square mile (484.4/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 53.3% African American, 41.6% White, 0.4% Native American, 1.1% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 1.0% from other races, and 2.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.1% of the population.


There were 38,170 households out of which 30.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.1% were married couples living together, 10.9% have a female household with no husband present and 33.2% were non-families. 27.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.51 and the average family size was 3.05.


In the city, the population was spread out with 25.7% under the age of 18, 11.1% from 18 to 24, 29.1% from 25 to 44, 20.3% from 45 to 64, and 13.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.6 males.


The median income for a household in the city was $46,340, and the median income for a family was $53,769. Males had a median income of $39,871 versus $33,140 for females. The per capita income for the city was $23,108. About 13.5% of families and 16.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.1% of those under age 18 and 10.8% of those age 65 or over.[39]



Arts and culture



Tourism


Portsmouth has a long history as a port town and city. The Olde Towne Business and Historical District is located in the downtown area, where a combination of preservation and redevelopment has been underway. An example is Hawthorn Hotel & Suites at The Governor Dinwiddie Hotel, which was renovated and reopened in 2005 after being closed for more than 10 years. It has been recognized by Historic Hotels of America, a program of the National Trust for Historical Preservation that identifies hotels that have maintained their historical integrity, architecture and ambiance and provides resources for their preservation.[40] The historic hotel was named for Governor Robert Dinwiddie, who was the administrative head of the Colony of Virginia during the time Portsmouth was founded in 1752. It was largely through his efforts that Virginia survived the French and Indian War relatively well.[41] (Dinwiddie County near Petersburg was also named for him).


Other points of interest include the Portsmouth City Park, featuring the 2 ft (610 mm) narrow gauge[42]Portsmouth City Railroad with an operating Chance Rides C.P. Huntington locomotive named Pokey Smokey II. The original Pokey Smokey locomotive was built by Crown Metal Products and ran at the park for many years before being sold at auction. It now runs on the Mideast Railroad in Ederville in Carthage, North Carolina.[43][44]



Sports


The Portsmouth Cavaliers were a basketball team founded in 2010 and played in the American Basketball Association for the 2011-12 season. Based in Portsmouth, Virginia, the Cavaliers played their home games at the Chick-fil-A Fieldhouse on the campus of Portsmouth Catholic Regional School. The club spent one season in the American Professional Basketball League (APBL) before folding.



Government















































































































































































Presidential Elections Results[45]
Year
Republican
Democratic
Third Parties

2016
 29.6% 12,795
65.9% 28,497
 4.6% 1,969

2012
 28.0% 12,858
70.8% 32,501
 1.2% 563

2008
 30.0% 13,984
69.3% 32,327
 0.8% 354

2004
 38.5% 15,212
61.0% 24,112
 0.5% 210

2000
 35.6% 12,628
62.9% 22,286
 1.5% 541

1996
 30.2% 10,686
62.6% 22,150
 7.3% 2,573

1992
 33.5% 12,575
54.3% 20,416
 12.3% 4,608

1988
 44.6% 16,087
54.6% 19,698
 0.8% 274

1984
 46.4% 18,940
53.0% 21,623
 0.6% 238

1980
 38.0% 13,660
58.1% 20,900
 3.9% 1,389

1976
 35.5% 12,872
63.0% 22,837
 1.5% 537

1972
58.5% 20,090
 38.2% 13,124
 3.3% 1,136

1968
 25.2% 9,402
42.1% 15,734
 32.8% 12,245

1964
 34.3% 8,420
65.5% 16,073
 0.2% 51

1960
 40.6% 6,900
58.3% 9,902
 1.1% 178

1956
 47.1% 5,390
49.7% 5,683
 3.2% 363

1952
 36.7% 3,621
62.8% 6,188
 0.5% 46

1948
 27.9% 2,056
62.5% 4,612
 9.7% 713

1944
 16.4% 1,129
83.4% 5,735
 0.2% 13

1940
 11.7% 675
87.8% 5,053
 0.4% 25

1936
 13.2% 861
86.3% 5,617
 0.5% 31

1932
 34.8% 1,840
63.2% 3,344
 2.1% 110

1928
57.3% 3,474
 42.7% 2,587

1924
 17.7% 604
64.6% 2,206
 17.7% 603

1920
 24.4% 1,061
74.2% 3,228
 1.4% 59

1916
 20.8% 376
75.5% 1,368
 3.7% 67

1912
 3.3% 64
79.0% 1,529
 17.7% 342

Portsmouth is governed under the Council-Manager form of government. The current mayor is John Rowe, who was elected November 8, 2016.[46] The City Hall Building, located at 801 Crawford Street, is the regular meeting place of the City Council of The City of Portsmouth, Virginia. The City Council is a legislative body served by six members, elected for four-year terms.



List of mayors of Portsmouth, Virginia



  • John S. White, 1852-1853[47][48]

  • Hezekiah Stoakes, 1854

  • D. D. Fiske, 1855

  • James G. Hodges, 1856-1857

  • George W. Grice, 1858-1860

  • John O. Lawrence, 1861

  • John Nash, 1862[48]

  • Daniel Collins, 1863-1865

  • James C. White, 1866

  • James E. Stoakes, 1868

  • E. W. Whipple, 1869

  • Philip G. Thomas, 1870-1871

  • A. S. Watts, 1872-1874

  • John O'Connor, 1876-1877

  • John Thompson Baird, 1878-1894

  • L.H. Davis, 1894-1896[48]

  • John Thompson Baird, circa 1896-1902

  •  ?[49]

  • Jack P. Barnes, circa 1973


  • Richard Joseph Davis, 1974-1980

  • Julian E. Johansen, circa 1980-1983


  • James W. Holley, III, 1984-1987

  • Gloria Webb, 1987-1996

  • James W. Holley, III, 1996-2010

  • Kenneth I. Wright, circa 2010

  • John Rowe, 2017–present[24]





Education



Primary and secondary schools


Portsmouth Public Schools operates public schools. There are three public high schools in Portsmouth, Virginia, located at three corners of the city. In the northwest section of the city, off Cedar Lane, is Churchland High School. In the downtown section of the city, between London Blvd and High Street, is I.C. Norcom High School. In the southwest section of Portsmouth, on Elmhurst Lane, is Woodrow Wilson High School.



Higher education


There are a number of institutions of higher education in and within close proximity to Portsmouth. The city is home to the Tri-Cities Higher Education Center of Old Dominion University (ODU), a public research university founded in 1930 whose main campus is located in Norfolk, Virginia.[50] Portsmouth is also home to the Fred W. Beazley Portsmouth Campus of Tidewater Community College, a two-year higher education institution founded in 1968 in South Hampton Roads with additional campuses located in Chesapeake, Norfolk, and Virginia Beach.[51]



Media


Portsmouth's daily newspaper is the Virginian-Pilot with The Currents being the Portsmouth edition of the Sunday paper. Other papers include the New Journal and Guide, and the Hampton Roads Business Journal.[52]Hampton Roads Magazine serves as a bi-monthly regional magazine for Portsmouth and the Hampton Roads area.[53] The Hampton Roads Times serves as an online magazine for all the Hampton Roads cities and counties. Portsmouth is served by a variety of radio stations on the AM and FM dials, with towers located around the Hampton Roads area.[54]


Portsmouth is also served by several television stations. The Hampton Roads designated market area (DMA) is the 42nd largest in the U.S. with 712,790 homes (0.64% of the total U.S.).[55] The major network television affiliates are WTKR-TV 3 (CBS), WAVY 10 (NBC), WVEC-TV 13 (ABC), WGNT 27 (CW), WTVZ 33 (MyNetworkTV), WVBT 43 (Fox), and WPXV 49 (ION Television). The Public Broadcasting Service stations are WHRO-TV 15, Hampton/Norfolk and WUND-TV 2, Edenton, NC. Portsmouth residents also can receive independent stations, such as WSKY broadcasting on channel 4 from the Outer Banks of North Carolina and WGBS-LD broadcasting on channel 11 from Hampton. Portsmouth is served by Cox Cable and Verizon FIOS. DirecTV and Dish Network are also popular as an alternative to cable television in Portsmouth. WAVY-TV and WVBT-TV are both sister stations owned by Nexstar and have their office and studio located in the city.



Infrastructure



Transportation


From the earliest development, Portsmouth has been oriented to the water. In the 1830s, it was the first community in Hampton Roads to receive a new land transportation innovation, railroad service. The Portsmouth and Roanoke Railroad, a predecessor of the Seaboard Air Line Railroad, extended to the rapids of the Roanoke River on its fall line near Weldon, North Carolina. It was to be 20 more years before its bigger neighbor, the city of Norfolk, also received a rail line, in 1858, when the Norfolk and Petersburg Railroad was completed.


Portsmouth is primarily served by the Norfolk International Airport (IATA: ORF, ICAO: KORF, FAA LID: ORF), now the region's major commercial airport. The airport is located near Chesapeake Bay, along the city limits of neighboring Norfolk and Virginia Beach.[56] Seven airlines provide nonstop services to twenty-five destinations. ORF had 3,703,664 passengers take off or land at its facility and 68,778,934 pounds of cargo were processed through its facilities.[57]Newport News/Williamsburg International Airport (IATA: PHF, ICAO: KPHF, FAA LID: PHF) also provides commercial air service for the Hampton Roads area.[58] The Chesapeake Regional Airport provides general aviation services and is located five miles (8 km) outside the city limits.[59]


In the 21st century, the city has access to lines of CSX Transportation, Norfolk Southern and three short line railroads. Portsmouth is served by Interstate 264 and Interstate 664, which is part of the Hampton Roads Beltway. U.S. Route 17 and U.S. Route 58 pass through. The Elizabeth River is crossed via the Midtown Tunnel, the Downtown Tunnel and Berkley Bridge combination.


Transportation within the city, as well as the other cities of Hampton Roads, is served by a regional bus service, Hampton Roads Transit.[60]



Notable people





  • V. C. Andrews (1923-1986), bestselling novelist [61]


  • James P. Berkeley (1907-1985), USMC general and expert in Military communications


  • Marty Brennaman (1942-), long-time Cincinnati Reds radio broadcaster


  • Ruth Brown (1928-2006), R&B singer and actress[62]


  • Bebe Buell (1953-), Playboy Playmate, fashion model, singer, mother of Liv Tyler[citation needed]


  • John T. Casteen III (1943-), President of the University of Virginia, born in Portsmouth[63]


  • Jamin Elliott (1979-), former NFL wide receiver with the Chicago Bears, New England Patriots, and Atlanta Falcons[64]


  • Missy Elliott (1971-), recording artist, award-winning producer, singer-songwriter, dancer, actress and clothing line designer[65]


  • Perry Ellis (1940-1986), fashion designer, founded a sportswear house in the mid-1970s[66]


  • Mordechai Gifter (1915-2001), among the foremost American religious leaders of Orthodox Jewry in the late 20th century[67]


  • Chandler Harper, (1914-2004), winner of the 1950 PGA golf championship[68]

  • Parthenia M. Hicks (Patsy) Poet, writer, editor. Poet Laureate Los Gatos, CA. Robinson Jeffers Tor House recipient; Montalvo Poetry Award; Silicon Valley Creates Fellowship. Dragonfly Press Award. Editor Song of Los Gatos.


  • James W. Holley, III (1926-2012), politician, first African American Mayor of any Hampton Roads City[69]


  • W. Nathaniel "Nat" Howell (1939-), State Dept. Foreign Service officer, former Ambassador to Kuwait; Professor emeritus, the University of Virginia[70]


  • Chad Hugo (1974- )American record producer and songwriter


  • Ben Jones, actor "Cooter" on The Dukes of Hazzard; U.S. Congressman, moved to Portsmouth as a child[71]


  • Jillian Kesner-Graver (1949-2007), actress[72]


  • Jack T. Kirby (1938-2009), historian of the southern United States, awarded the Bancroft Prize for his 2006 book Mockingbird Song: Ecological Landscapes of the South[73]


  • Nathan McCall (1955-), African-American author who grew up in the Cavalier Manor section of Portsmouth, Virginia[74]


  • Pete Mikolajewski (1943-), football player[75]


  • James Murphy (1967-), metal guitarist, member of the bands Death, Testament, Obituary and Disincarnate[citation needed]


  • Tommy Newsom (1929-2007), assistant bandleader for the Johnny Carson Band[76]


  • Patton Oswalt (1969-), writer, stand-up comedian, and actor[77]


  • Dave Robertson (1889-1970), MLB outfielder 1912-22, played in World Series for New York Giants; born in Portsmouth


  • Dave Smith (1942-), poet, novelist


  • Wanda Sykes (1964-), writer, stand-up comedian, and actress[citation needed]


  • Ted Thomas, Sr. (1935-), Pentecostal African-American preacher, pastor of New Community Temple Church of God in Christ[citation needed]


  • Mike Watt (1957-), bassist, singer and songwriter[citation needed]


  • Nicole Wray, R&B singer and songwriter





Sister cities




  • Portsmouth, United Kingdom


  • Dunedin, New Zealand


  • Orizaba, Veracruz, Mexico


  • Eldoret, Kenya


  • Goree Island, Senegal



See also



  • National Register of Historic Places listings in Portsmouth, Virginia


Notes





  1. ^ Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the expected highest and lowest temperature readings at any point during the year or given month) calculated based on data at said location from 1981 to 2010.


  2. ^ Official records for Norfolk kept January 1874 to December 1945 at the Weather Bureau Office in downtown, and at Norfolk Int'l since January 1946. For more information, see Threadex




References





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Bibliography


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  • William S. Forrest (1853). Historical and Descriptive Sketches of Norfolk and Vicinity, Including Portsmouth. Philadelphia: Lindsay and Blakiston.


  • Richard Edwards, ed. (1855), "Portsmouth", Statistical Gazetteer of the State of Virginia, Richmond


  • William S. Forrest (1856). Great Pestilence in Virginia...Yellow Fever in Norfolk and Portsmouth in 1855. New York: Derby & Jackson.


  • Sketch Book of Portsmouth, Va: Its People and Its Trade. Portsmouth: Edward Pollock. 1886.


  • George E. Waring, Jr.; U.S. Department of the Interior, Census Office (1887), "Virginia: Portsmouth", Report on the Social Statistics of Cities: Southern and the Western States, Washington DC: Government Printing Office, pp. 75–78


  • Robert W. Lamb, ed. (1888). Our Twin Cities of the Nineteenth Century (Norfolk and Portsmouth). Barcroft.


  • "Portsmouth", Rand, McNally & Co.'s Handy Guide to the Southeastern States, Chicago: Rand, McNally & Co., 1899 – via Internet Archive


  • William H. Stewart (1902). History of Norfolk County, Virginia and Representative Citizens. Chicago: Biographical Publishing Company.


  • Illustrated Standard Guide to Norfolk and Portsmouth, Norfolk, Va.: Standard Lithographing and Publishing Co., 1907


  • "Portsmouth", Encyclopaedia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424


  • City of Portsmouth, Virginia, Mayor's Annual Message: Together with Municipal Reports circa 1916-


  • Federal Writers' Project (1941), "Portsmouth", Virginia: a Guide to the Old Dominion, American Guide Series, Oxford University Press, pp. 252+ – via Google Books


  • Ory Mazar Nergal, ed. (1980), "Portsmouth, VA", Encyclopedia of American Cities, New York: E.P. Dutton, OL 4120668M


  • Cassandra Newby-Alexander; et al. (2003). Portsmouth, Virginia. Black America. Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link)


  • Paul T. Hellmann (2006). "Virginia: Portsmouth". Historical Gazetteer of the United States. Taylor & Francis. pp. 1159–1160. ISBN 1-135-94859-3.




External links











  • City of Portsmouth municipal website


  • Portsmouth city directories, 19th-20th c. (via Norfolk Public Library)


  • "City of Portsmouth". County and City Records. Richmond: Library of Virginia.


  • Items related to Portsmouth, Virginia, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America)











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