Bethesda Softworks


























































Bethesda Softworks LLC
Type
Subsidiary
Industry Video game industry
Founded June 28, 1986; 32 years ago (1986-06-28) in Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.[1]
Founder Christopher Weaver
Headquarters

Rockville, Maryland
,
U.S.

Area served
Worldwide
Key people

  • Todd Vaughn

  • (VP, development)

  • Pete Hines

  • (VP, PR and marketing)

  • Ron Seger

  • (VP, sales)

Products List of Bethesda Softworks video games
Parent

  • Media Technology Limited

  • (1986–1999)

  • ZeniMax Media

  • (1999–present)

Divisions Bethesda Game Studios
Website bethesda.net

Bethesda Softworks LLC is an American video game publisher based in Rockville, Maryland. The company was founded by Christopher Weaver in 1986 as a division of Media Technology Limited, and in 1999 became a subsidiary of ZeniMax Media. In its first fifteen years, it was a video game developer and self-published its titles. In 2001, Bethesda spun off its own in-house development team into Bethesda Game Studios, and Bethesda Softworks became a publisher only. It currently also publishes games by ZeniMax Online Studios, id Software, Arkane Studios, MachineGames, Tango Gameworks and Bethesda Game Studios Austin.




Contents






  • 1 History


    • 1.1 Company name and origins


    • 1.2 1986–1994: Gridiron!, Electronic Arts lawsuit, The Elder Scrolls


    • 1.3 1994–1999: Company expansion


    • 1.4 1999–2004: ZeniMax, Christopher Weaver lawsuit


    • 1.5 2004–present: Fallout, Capital increase, publishing expansions




  • 2 Games published


    • 2.1 1980s and 1990s


    • 2.2 2000s


    • 2.3 2010s




  • 3 Controversies


  • 4 Lawsuits


  • 5 References


  • 6 External links




History


Company name and origins


Bethesda Softworks was founded by Weaver in Bethesda, Maryland in 1986 as a division of Media Technology Limited, an engineering research and development firm of which Weaver was founder and CEO.[2][3][4] He created Bethesda "to see if the PC market was a viable place to develop games".[5]


Vlatko Andonov, who serves as President of Bethesda, recalls that Weaver had originally wanted to call the company "Softworks", but found the name taken. "So, our founder, sitting at his kitchen table in Bethesda decided after laborious thought to add Bethesda to Softworks and there you have it!"[6]



1986–1994: Gridiron!, Electronic Arts lawsuit, The Elder Scrolls


Bethesda Softworks is credited with the creation of the first physics-based sports simulation, Gridiron!, in 1986 for the Atari ST, Commodore Amiga and Commodore 64/128. Early games scored respectably in the gaming press.[7] Electronic Arts was working on the first John Madden Football at the time, and hired Bethesda to help finish developing it. At the same time, they acquired distribution rights for future versions of Gridiron!.[5] The next year, after no new cross-console version of Gridiron! had been released, Bethesda stopped work on the project and sued Electronic Arts for US$7.3 million, claiming EA halted the release while incorporating many of its elements into Madden.[8]


In 1990, the company moved from Bethesda to Rockville, Maryland.


It is best known for its next major project, The Elder Scrolls RPG series, based on the original programming of Julian Lefay. The first chapter of the series, entitled The Elder Scrolls: Arena, was released in 1994. Since that time, numerous other chapters have been released. Bethesda Softworks is also known for publishing titles based upon popular movie franchises, including The Terminator, Star Trek and Pirates of the Caribbean.



1994–1999: Company expansion


In 1995, Bethesda Softworks acquired the development studio Flashpoint Productions, and its founder, Brent Erickson, became the Development Director of Media Technology's West Coast division, MediaTech West. The division produced several titles including Golf Magazine: 36 Great Holes Starring Fred Couples, Noctropolis and later the Burnout Championship Drag Racing series.[9][10]


In 1997, Bethesda acquired XL Translab, a graphics firm that got its start in Catholic University's School of Architecture. XL eventually moved into a new center in Bethesda Softworks' Rockville headquarters. XL Translab has previously done work for PBS as well as television commercials for Fortune 500 companies.[11]


In 1997 and 1998, Bethesda released two The Elder Scrolls expansions based on Daggerfall's code—Battlespire and Redguard—neither of which enjoyed the success of Daggerfall and Arena. The downturn in sales was not limited just to The Elder Scrolls franchise, and the company considered filing for bankruptcy as a result.[5]



1999–2004: ZeniMax, Christopher Weaver lawsuit


In 1999, Weaver and Robert A. Altman formed a new parent company for Bethesda Softworks known as ZeniMax Media. In an interview with Edge, he described the company as being a top-level administrative structure rather than a "parent company" for its holdings, explaining that "ZeniMax and Bethesda for all intents and purposes are one thing. Bethesda has no accounting department, we have no finance, we have no legal, our legal department [and] our financial department is ZeniMax, we all operate as one unit."[12][13][5][14]


In 2001, Bethesda Game Studios was established, changing Bethesda Softworks to being a publishing brand of ZeniMax Media.


In 2002, Weaver stopped being employed by ZeniMax. He later filed a lawsuit against ZeniMax, claiming he was ousted by his new business partners after giving them access to his brand and was owed US$1.2 million in severance pay. ZeniMax filed counterclaims[15] and moved to dismiss the case,[16] claiming Weaver had gone through emails of other employees to find evidence. This dismissal was later vacated on appeal,[17] and the parties settled out of court. Weaver remained a major shareholder in the company: as of 2007, he said that he still owned 33% of ZeniMax's stock.[18] It is unknown how much stock Weaver has in ZeniMax today, as Providence Equity bought 25% of ZeniMax's stock in late 2007,[19] and an additional stake in 2010.[20]



2004–present: Fallout, Capital increase, publishing expansions


In 2004, the Fallout franchise was acquired by Bethesda Softworks from Interplay Entertainment and the development of Fallout 3 was handed over to Bethesda Game Studios. Fallout 3 was released on October 28, 2008. Five downloadable content packs for Fallout 3 were released in the year following its release—Operation: Anchorage, The Pitt, Broken Steel, Point Lookout, and Mothership Zeta. Obsidian Entertainment's new Fallout title, Fallout: New Vegas was published in 2010. Fallout 4 was released on November 10, 2015.


Between 2007 and 2010, Bethesda raised US$450 million in new capital from Providence Equity Partners[21][22] to fund expansion efforts. In February 2008, the company opened a European publishing arm in London, named ZeniMax Europe, to distribute titles throughout UK/EMEA territories under the Bethesda Softworks brand.[23] This was followed in by opening publishing offices in Tokyo, Frankfurt, Paris, Benelux, Hong Kong and Sydney in 2008, 2010, 2012 and 2013 respectively.[24][25][26][27][28]


On June 24, 2009, ZeniMax Media acquired id Software, whose titles, including Rage, would be published by Bethesda Softworks.[29] Between 2009 and 2012, the company expanded publishing operations, with games from independent third party developers such as Rebellion Developments's Rogue Warrior, Artificial Mind and Movement's Wet, Splash Damage's Brink, and inXile's Hunted: The Demon's Forge.


Since 2012, Bethesda Softworks has been publishing games such as Dishonored, Wolfenstein: The New Order, and The Evil Within.


Games published



1980s and 1990s




  • Wayne Gretzky Hockey (1988–1992)


  • Terminator series (1990–1992)


  • The Elder Scrolls series (1994–present)


  • Symbiocom (1998)


  • Zero Critical (1999)


2000s




  • IHRA Drag Racing series (2000–2004)


  • Pirates of the Caribbean series (2003–2006)


  • Call of Cthulhu: Dark Corners of the Earth (2005)


  • Star Trek series (2006)


  • Fallout series (2008–2018)


  • Wet (2009)


  • Rogue Warrior (2009)


2010s




  • Rage (2010–2019)


  • Brink (2011)


  • Hunted: The Demon's Forge (2011)


  • Dishonored series (2012–2017)


  • Doom series (2012–present)


  • Wolfenstein series (2014–2019)


  • The Evil Within series (2014–2017)


  • Prey (2017)


Controversies


In 2001, Bethesda Softworks published Echelon in the United States, a video game developed by Russian developers Madia. The developers stated that Bethesda did not pay a single cent from boxed sales of the game, as was specified in the contract according to Madia. The developers wrote an open letter to Bethesda in which they have detailed the whole affair but Bethesda still refused to pay. In the end Madia decided not to take it to court. Pete Hines VP of PR at Bethesda later stated that Madia presented misleading allegations about Bethesda's role as publisher of Echelon in North America and that Bethesda has no contractual obligations to Madia.[30][31]


Bethesda Softworks and ZeniMax Media have been accused of attempting a hostile acquisition of Human Head Studios, as well as a successful hostile acquisition of Arkane Studios prior to that.[32] According to a report from IGN, ZeniMax started purposefully failing Human Head's project milestones so that they wouldn't get paid, allowing ZeniMax to buy the company at a reduced rate. They were accused of doing the same thing with Arkane Studios, although in Arkane's case the studio gave in and allowed themselves to be bought.[33] The failed hostile acquisition of Human Head Studios led to cancellation of Human Head's Prey 2 according to the report. Bethesda's Pete Hines replied to the accusations by saying the following:


.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}

I think all of the stuff that you've heard at this point has been from one side of this, and it's been somebody putting spin on it, like, 'here's what happened.' No, that's your version of what you think happened. I haven't heard from anybody yet that actually sat in the room. There are quite a few folks at Human Head that I really like. Chris Rhinehart is one of the nicest guys I have ever met in this industry. He's somebody I would consider a friend. I love hanging out with him. This isn't anything to do with anything personal. I love that guy. I like a lot of the folks up there. It just has to do more with what the product looks like and if it's good enough. As we said in our last update, it's not good enough. It's not where it needs to be. When we have more info than that, we'll let you know.[34]


Bethesda came under fire in 2018 following the release of their anticipated title, Fallout 76, which was met with generally mixed reviews[35][36][37] for its numerous bugs and glitches, gameplay design, and absence of non-player characters (NPCs).[38] Additionally, the game's Power Armor special edition received widespread criticism from buyers for being advertised as featuring a canvas duffel bag, but which ultimately had been substituted for a nylon bag. In response, Bethesda stated that the bag had been altered "due to unavailability of materials" and compensated customers by offering free in-game currency equating to $5.00. Bethesda's actions provoked negative reactions from buyers from the publisher having failed to notify them beforehand, and additionally contested the amount of compensation offered. Critics also noted that Bethesda's official website had only changed the description of the bag from "canvas" to "nylon" following customer complaints, while the promotional image of the special edition continued to label the bag as "canvas".[39][40]


Lawsuits


In September 2009, Bethesda Softworks sued Interplay Entertainment over Fallout trademark infringement.[41] After a lengthy legal battle the lawsuit was settled in January 2012, with Interplay receiving US$2 million while Bethesda Softworks gained the right to develop a Fallout MMO as well as the rights to Fallout Tactics, Fallout and Fallout 2 after December 31, 2013.[42]


In September 2011, Bethesda's parent company, ZeniMax Media, filed a lawsuit against Mojang, claiming that Mojang's planned trademark of the title Scrolls infringed upon Bethesda's trademark of The Elder Scrolls series.[43] On October 18, Markus Persson announced that Mojang had won the interim injunction, but that Bethesda still had the option to file an appeal.[44] In March 2012, Mojang and Bethesda reached a settlement, in which Mojang would not trademark Scrolls, but Bethesda would not contest Mojang's naming of Scrolls, so long as it would not be a direct competitor against The Elder Scrolls.[45]


References





  1. ^ "Bethesda turns 25 years old - VG247". June 28, 2011..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ Crowe, Greg. "Out of the hype, but still in the money is a way of life". gameindustry.com. Archived from the original on May 9, 2006. Retrieved August 24, 2016.


  3. ^ "Bethesda Softworks Unveils Racing Enthusiasts' Dream Site". csoon.com. July 14, 1997. Retrieved July 17, 2016.


  4. ^ Adams, Ernest (2010). Fundamentals of Game Design. New Riders Press. Retrieved July 17, 2016.


  5. ^ abcd "Bethesda:The Right Direction". The Escapist. February 6, 2007. Retrieved July 24, 2016.


  6. ^ Keefer, John (March 31, 2006). "GameSpy Retro: Developer Origins". GameSpy. Archived from the original on May 30, 2009. Retrieved July 17, 2016.


  7. ^ "Watch the graphics puck up". Amiga Computing, Volume 2, number 4, September 1989, p.p.18-19. September 1989. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved July 17, 2016.


  8. ^ "LATE NEWS FLASHES". atarimagazines.com. September 1988. Retrieved July 24, 2016.


  9. ^ Böke, Ingmar (October 14, 2015). "Brent Erickson Noctropolis Interview". adventuregamers.com. Retrieved July 17, 2016.


  10. ^ Brady, Scott (November 12, 1998). "Noctropolis Interview with Shaun Mitchell". noctrop.tripod.com. Retrieved July 17, 2016.


  11. ^ "ThunderWave makes a big splash at Getty Center". Washington Business Journal. December 22, 1997. Retrieved July 24, 2016.


  12. ^ "Christopher Weaver vs ZeniMax Media" (PDF). courts.state.md.us. Retrieved July 26, 2016.


  13. ^ "Gamers at Work: Stories Behind the Games People Play". Morgan Ramsay. Retrieved August 13, 2016.


  14. ^ "Pete Hines on Bethesda's past, present and future". Edge. July 19, 2011. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. Retrieved July 25, 2016.


  15. ^ "Weaver v. ZeniMax Media". Justia Law. Retrieved March 13, 2017.


  16. ^ "Motion for sanctions" (PDF). 2004.


  17. ^ "Christopher S. WEAVER v. ZENIMAX MEDIA, INC. - AllCourtData.com". www.allcourtdata.com. Archived from the original on March 13, 2017. Retrieved March 13, 2017.


  18. ^ "Bethesda:The Right Direction". The Escapist. February 6, 2007. Retrieved July 24, 2016.


  19. ^ "ZeniMax Media Buys DOOM Maker | peHUBpeHUB". Pehub.com. June 25, 2009. Retrieved July 26, 2016.


  20. ^ "Oculus, Facebook Face Challenge to Rights Over 'Rift". The Wall Street Journal. May 1, 2014. Retrieved July 26, 2016.


  21. ^ "ZeniMax Media Receives $300 Million Investment from Providence Equity Partners" (PDF). provequity.com. Retrieved July 25, 2016.


  22. ^ "ZeniMax Media raises $9.9 million from some big names". VentureBeat. May 30, 2008. Retrieved July 25, 2016.


  23. ^ "ZeniMax Media Opens London Office". gamesindustry.biz. Retrieved July 25, 2016.


  24. ^ "ZeniMax Media Opens Tokyo office". .gamingnexus.com. Retrieved July 25, 2016.


  25. ^ "Bethesda Opens New Offices In Germany And France". megagames.com. Retrieved July 25, 2016.


  26. ^ "Bethesda in Benelux". gamesindustry.biz. September 7, 2010. Retrieved July 25, 2016.


  27. ^ "ZeniMax Asia Pacific Limited". hkgbusiness.com. Retrieved July 25, 2016.


  28. ^ "Bethesda opens Australian office". CNET. Retrieved July 25, 2016.


  29. ^ "ZeniMax Media Acquires id Software". prnewswire.com. June 24, 2009. Retrieved July 17, 2016.


  30. ^ "Open Letter to Bethesda Softworks". bluesnews.com. November 18, 2001. Retrieved July 25, 2016.


  31. ^ "Bethesda Open Letter Follow-up". bluesnews.com. November 20, 2001.


  32. ^ "Bethesda may be planning Prey 2 reveal at E3". May 25, 2016. Retrieved July 25, 2016.


  33. ^ "What Went Wrong with Human Heads Prey 2". IGN. June 5, 2013. Retrieved July 25, 2016.


  34. ^ "Bethesda Explains Prey 2 Silence". IGN. June 18, 2013. Retrieved July 25, 2016.


  35. ^ "Fallout 76 for PlayStation 4 Reviews". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved 30 November 2018.


  36. ^ "Fallout 76 for Xbox One Reviews". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved 30 November 2018.


  37. ^ "Fallout 76 for PC Reviews". Metacritic. CBS interactive. Retrieved 30 November 2018.


  38. ^ "Fallout 76 Review Roundup". GameSpot. Retrieved 30 November 2018.


  39. ^ Kent, Emma. "Bethesda offers 500 Atoms to customers affected by Fallout 76 bag-gate". Eurogamer. Retrieved 30 November 2018.


  40. ^ Plunkett, Luke. "$200 Fallout 76 Edition Promised Fancy Bag, Delivers Nylon Trash Instead [Update: Bethesda Responds]". Kotaku. Retrieved 30 November 2018.


  41. ^ "Bethesda Sues Interplay Over Fallout Trademark Infringement". Kotaku. September 11, 2009. Retrieved July 25, 2016.


  42. ^ "Fallout MMO Rights Officially Restored to Bethesda". tomshardware.com. Retrieved July 25, 2016.


  43. ^ Chalk, Andy (September 27, 2011). "Mojang and Bethesda Are Going to Court". Escapist Magazine. Retrieved July 25, 2011.


  44. ^ Goldfarb, Andrew (October 27, 2011). "Notch Wins First Round Against Bethesda". IGN. Retrieved September 18, 2011.


  45. ^ Graft, Kris (March 11, 2012). "Bethesda, Mojang settle 'Scrolls' trademark lawsuit". Gamasutra. Retrieved July 25, 2016.



External links


  • Official website








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